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AEDs Flashcards

1
Q

This drug is an anti-arrhythmic

A

Phenytoin

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2
Q

This drug can cause fetal hydantoin syndrome

A

Phenytoin

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3
Q

Dose related ADRs: nystagmus, ataxia, drowsiness, cognitive impairment

A

Phenytoin

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4
Q

Non-dose related ADRs: GINGIVAL HYPERPLASIA, hirsutism, acne, rash, hepatotoxicity

A

Phenytoin

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5
Q

Dose related ADRs: vertigo, ataxia, diplopia, drowsiness, nausea

A

Carbamazepine

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6
Q

CNS side effects: HA, paresthesias, confusion, psychosis

A

Carbamazepine

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7
Q

Non-specific side effects: SIADH, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, Stevens-Johnson Syndrome

A

Carbamazepine

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8
Q

This drug is good for neonatal and febrile seizures

A

Phenobarbital

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9
Q

This is a prodrug structurally related to phenobarbital

A

Primidone

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10
Q

This drug is metabolized through autoinduction

A

Carbamazepine

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11
Q

This drug is metabolized hepatically and does not induce P450

A

Valproic Acid/ Valproate

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12
Q

This drug blocks Na channels AND enhancement of GABAergic transmission

A

Valproic Acid/ Valproate

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13
Q

Dose related ADRs: N,V, abdominal pain, diarrhea, sedation, tremor, unsteadiness

A

Valproic Acid

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14
Q

Non-dose related ADRs: acute hepatic failure, acute pancreatitis

A

Valproic Acid

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15
Q

This drug inhibits calcium channels

A

Ethosuximide

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16
Q

This is the DOC for absence seizures

A

Ethosuximide

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17
Q

Dose related side effects: GI, lethargy, HA, dizziness, anxiety

A

Ethosuximide

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18
Q

This drug is metabolized by but is not an inducer of P450

A

Ethosuximide

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19
Q

ADRs: dizziness, fatigue, GI, hyponatremia, and rash. Has a 30% cross reactivity for rash with another AED

A

Oxcarbazepine

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20
Q

This drug is an analogue of GABA, has a nick PK profile, and can treat peripheral neuropathy as well as partial and GTC seizures

A

Gabapentin

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21
Q

ADRs: somnolence, dizziness, ataxia, nystagmus

A

Gabapentin

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22
Q

This drug is a competitive inhibitor of GABA transporter

A

Tiagabine

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23
Q

Dose related ADRs: dizziness, fatigue, nervousness, difficulty concentrating

A

Tiagabine

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24
Q

This drug blocks both Na and Ca channels

A

Lamotrigine

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25
This drug is metabolized via Phase II
Lamotrigine
26
ADRs: rash, confusion, depression, N, V, diplopia, severe idiosyncratic (skin, blood) reactions
Lamotrigine
27
Slow taper is ESSENTIAL for this drug
Lamotrigine
28
This drug blocks Na channels and opens Cl channels
Topiramate
29
Dose related ADRs: drowsiness, parasthesias, psychomotor slowing, weight loss, renal calculi
Topiramate
30
It is essential to maintain adequate fluids with this drug in order to lessen the chance of developing renal calculi
Topiramate
31
This drug blocks sodium channels, competes for NMDA receptors, prevents AMPA receptor stimulation, and blocks Na channels
Felbamate
32
This drug is used for patients with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome
Felbamate
33
Non- dose related ADRs include aplastic anemia and liver failure
Felbamate
34
Dose related ADRs include anorexia, N/V, insomnia, and HA
Felbamate
35
This drug has a favorable PK profile and is available in parenteral form. You would need to adjust the dose for renal insufficiency
Levetiracetam
36
Side effects include sedation and behavioral abnormalities
Levetiracetam
37
This drug is a sulfonamide derivative
Zonisamide
38
This drug is renally AND hepatically eliminated
Zonisamide
39
Dose related ADRs: sedation, dizziness, cognitive impairment, nausea
Zonisamide
40
Non-dose related ADRs: rash, oligohydrosis, kidney stones
Zonisamide
41
This drug is never used alone for seizures, but rather used as an adjunctive treatment for partial onset seizures
Pregabalin
42
This drug is often used for peripheral neuropathy, postherpetic neuralgia, and fibromyalgia
Pregabalin
43
Side effects include dizziness, somnolence, dry mouth, peripheral edema, blurred vision, and weight gain
Pregabalin
44
This class of drug is first choice for SE
Benzodiazepines: Lorazepam or Diazepam
45
Besides benzos, what else can be used to treat SE?
Hydantoins (Fosphenytoin or phenytoin) | Barbituates (Phenobarbital)
46
This class of drugs act as positive allosteric modulators by enhancing channel gating in the presence of GABA
benzos
47
ADRs include: infusion rate related arrhythmias and hypotension, respiratory depression, and impairment of consciousness
benzos
48
This is the DOC in SE patients with IV access
Lorazepam
49
True or false: Diazepam is preferred over lorazepam for the treatment of SE secondary to duration of action
FALSE. Lorazepam DOA is 12-24 hours, whereas Diazepam DOA is 15 min to 2 hours
50
This class of drug is second line therapy for SE. It has less CNS and respiratory depression than benzos and barbs
Hydantoins
51
This class of drugs can cause arrhythmias, nystagmus, dizziness, and ataxia
Hydantoins
52
H2O soluble prodrug of phenytoin
Fosphenytoin
53
This drug is highly lipophilic and quickly redistributes out of the brain to other fat stores in the body
Diazepam
54
True or false: fosphenytoin contains propylene glycol
FALSE. Phenytoin does
55
This drug is 3rd line agent for SE if sz persists despite 2-3 doses of benzos and a loading dose of hydantoin
Phenobarbital
56
This drug is 2nd line agent for SE if sz persists after 2-3 doses of benzos and hydantoins are contraindicated
Phenobarbital
57
ADRs include: more CNS and respiratory depression than hydantoins
Phenobarbital
58
True or False: Phenobarbital contains proplyene glycol
TRUE
59
These are 3 AEDs that cause prolonged inactivation of the voltage-sensitive sodium channel
Phenytoin Carbamazepine Lamotrigine
60
These drugs (3) DIRECTLY enhance GABA-mediated inhibition
BZDP Barbs Topiramate (we think)
61
These drugs (3) INDIRECTLY enhance GABA- mediated inhibition
Gabapentin Tiagabine Vigabatrin
62
These 2 drugs reduce glutaminergic excitation
Phenobarbital | Topiramate
63
This drug has an extraordinarily long half life and time to steady state
Phenobarbital
64
This drug is a benzo used for refractive SE
Midazolam (Versed)

Pharmacy (22 decks)

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