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AEDs Flashcards

1
Q

This drug is an anti-arrhythmic

A

Phenytoin

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2
Q

This drug can cause fetal hydantoin syndrome

A

Phenytoin

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3
Q

Dose related ADRs: nystagmus, ataxia, drowsiness, cognitive impairment

A

Phenytoin

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4
Q

Non-dose related ADRs: GINGIVAL HYPERPLASIA, hirsutism, acne, rash, hepatotoxicity

A

Phenytoin

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5
Q

Dose related ADRs: vertigo, ataxia, diplopia, drowsiness, nausea

A

Carbamazepine

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6
Q

CNS side effects: HA, paresthesias, confusion, psychosis

A

Carbamazepine

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7
Q

Non-specific side effects: SIADH, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, Stevens-Johnson Syndrome

A

Carbamazepine

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8
Q

This drug is good for neonatal and febrile seizures

A

Phenobarbital

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9
Q

This is a prodrug structurally related to phenobarbital

A

Primidone

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10
Q

This drug is metabolized through autoinduction

A

Carbamazepine

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11
Q

This drug is metabolized hepatically and does not induce P450

A

Valproic Acid/ Valproate

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12
Q

This drug blocks Na channels AND enhancement of GABAergic transmission

A

Valproic Acid/ Valproate

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13
Q

Dose related ADRs: N,V, abdominal pain, diarrhea, sedation, tremor, unsteadiness

A

Valproic Acid

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14
Q

Non-dose related ADRs: acute hepatic failure, acute pancreatitis

A

Valproic Acid

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15
Q

This drug inhibits calcium channels

A

Ethosuximide

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16
Q

This is the DOC for absence seizures

A

Ethosuximide

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17
Q

Dose related side effects: GI, lethargy, HA, dizziness, anxiety

A

Ethosuximide

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18
Q

This drug is metabolized by but is not an inducer of P450

A

Ethosuximide

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19
Q

ADRs: dizziness, fatigue, GI, hyponatremia, and rash. Has a 30% cross reactivity for rash with another AED

A

Oxcarbazepine

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20
Q

This drug is an analogue of GABA, has a nick PK profile, and can treat peripheral neuropathy as well as partial and GTC seizures

A

Gabapentin

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21
Q

ADRs: somnolence, dizziness, ataxia, nystagmus

A

Gabapentin

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22
Q

This drug is a competitive inhibitor of GABA transporter

A

Tiagabine

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23
Q

Dose related ADRs: dizziness, fatigue, nervousness, difficulty concentrating

A

Tiagabine

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24
Q

This drug blocks both Na and Ca channels

A

Lamotrigine

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25
Q

This drug is metabolized via Phase II

A

Lamotrigine

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26
Q

ADRs: rash, confusion, depression, N, V, diplopia, severe idiosyncratic (skin, blood) reactions

A

Lamotrigine

27
Q

Slow taper is ESSENTIAL for this drug

A

Lamotrigine

28
Q

This drug blocks Na channels and opens Cl channels

A

Topiramate

29
Q

Dose related ADRs: drowsiness, parasthesias, psychomotor slowing, weight loss, renal calculi

A

Topiramate

30
Q

It is essential to maintain adequate fluids with this drug in order to lessen the chance of developing renal calculi

A

Topiramate

31
Q

This drug blocks sodium channels, competes for NMDA receptors, prevents AMPA receptor stimulation, and blocks Na channels

32
Q

This drug is used for patients with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome

33
Q

Non- dose related ADRs include aplastic anemia and liver failure

34
Q

Dose related ADRs include anorexia, N/V, insomnia, and HA

35
Q

This drug has a favorable PK profile and is available in parenteral form. You would need to adjust the dose for renal insufficiency

A

Levetiracetam

36
Q

Side effects include sedation and behavioral abnormalities

A

Levetiracetam

37
Q

This drug is a sulfonamide derivative

A

Zonisamide

38
Q

This drug is renally AND hepatically eliminated

A

Zonisamide

39
Q

Dose related ADRs: sedation, dizziness, cognitive impairment, nausea

A

Zonisamide

40
Q

Non-dose related ADRs: rash, oligohydrosis, kidney stones

A

Zonisamide

41
Q

This drug is never used alone for seizures, but rather used as an adjunctive treatment for partial onset seizures

A

Pregabalin

42
Q

This drug is often used for peripheral neuropathy, postherpetic neuralgia, and fibromyalgia

A

Pregabalin

43
Q

Side effects include dizziness, somnolence, dry mouth, peripheral edema, blurred vision, and weight gain

A

Pregabalin

44
Q

This class of drug is first choice for SE

A

Benzodiazepines: Lorazepam or Diazepam

45
Q

Besides benzos, what else can be used to treat SE?

A

Hydantoins (Fosphenytoin or phenytoin)

Barbituates (Phenobarbital)

46
Q

This class of drugs act as positive allosteric modulators by enhancing channel gating in the presence of GABA

47
Q

ADRs include: infusion rate related arrhythmias and hypotension, respiratory depression, and impairment of consciousness

48
Q

This is the DOC in SE patients with IV access

49
Q

True or false: Diazepam is preferred over lorazepam for the treatment of SE secondary to duration of action

A

FALSE. Lorazepam DOA is 12-24 hours, whereas Diazepam DOA is 15 min to 2 hours

50
Q

This class of drug is second line therapy for SE. It has less CNS and respiratory depression than benzos and barbs

A

Hydantoins

51
Q

This class of drugs can cause arrhythmias, nystagmus, dizziness, and ataxia

A

Hydantoins

52
Q

H2O soluble prodrug of phenytoin

A

Fosphenytoin

53
Q

This drug is highly lipophilic and quickly redistributes out of the brain to other fat stores in the body

54
Q

True or false: fosphenytoin contains propylene glycol

A

FALSE. Phenytoin does

55
Q

This drug is 3rd line agent for SE if sz persists despite 2-3 doses of benzos and a loading dose of hydantoin

A

Phenobarbital

56
Q

This drug is 2nd line agent for SE if sz persists after 2-3 doses of benzos and hydantoins are contraindicated

A

Phenobarbital

57
Q

ADRs include: more CNS and respiratory depression than hydantoins

A

Phenobarbital

58
Q

True or False: Phenobarbital contains proplyene glycol

59
Q

These are 3 AEDs that cause prolonged inactivation of the voltage-sensitive sodium channel

A

Phenytoin
Carbamazepine
Lamotrigine

60
Q

These drugs (3) DIRECTLY enhance GABA-mediated inhibition

A

BZDP
Barbs
Topiramate (we think)

61
Q

These drugs (3) INDIRECTLY enhance GABA- mediated inhibition

A

Gabapentin
Tiagabine
Vigabatrin

62
Q

These 2 drugs reduce glutaminergic excitation

A

Phenobarbital

Topiramate

63
Q

This drug has an extraordinarily long half life and time to steady state

A

Phenobarbital

64
Q

This drug is a benzo used for refractive SE

A

Midazolam (Versed)

Pharmacy (22 decks)

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