Adverse reactions: CV

Question 1

What drugs are able to cause coronary vasospasm?

Answer 1

CASE

Cocaine: prevents reuptake of NE, DA, and Epi
Amphetamines: block reuptake of Epi and DA
Sumatriptan: 5HT receptor agonists
Ergot alkaloids

Question 2

What drugs cause cutaneous flushing?

Answer 2

VANCEN (dancing)

Vancomycin: inhibits cell wall synthesis 
Adenosine: targets AV node? 
Niacin: vitamin 
Ca2+
Echinocandins: anti fungal 
Nitrates

Question 3

What causes red man syndrome?

Answer 3

Vancomycin via infusion: widespread pruritic erythema from histamine release

Question 4

How do you treat red man syndrome?

Answer 4

Diphenhydramine

Question 5

What drugs cause dilated cardiomyopathy?

Answer 5

Anthracyclines: interacts with topoisomerase II to decrease cell proliferation

Doxorubicin
Daunorubicin

***prevent with dexrazoxane

Question 6

What drugs can cause torsades?

Answer 6

Anything that prolongs the QT interval: ABCDE

anti Arrhythmics: class IA (disopyramide, Quinidine, Procainamide) and class III(amiodarone and sotalol) 
anti Biotics: macrolides 
anti Cyotics (ziprasidone)
anti Depressants (TCA: block reuptake of DA and NE in presynapse)
anti Emetics (ondansetron)

Question 7

What are the adverse effects of digoxin (inhibition of Na/K ATPase)?

Answer 7

Cholinergic effects
BLURRY YELLOW VISION
AV block

hyperkalemia is a poor prognosis