Advances in Treatment of Haematological Malignancies Flashcards
What supportive therapy can we give after chemotherapy or during chemotherapy?
Prompt treatment of neutropenic fever / infection
Broad spectrum antibiotics
Red cell and platelet transfusion
Growth factors (GCSF)
Prophylactic antibiotics and antifungals
What prophylactic anti fungal drugs do we give to prevent infections?
Itraconazle
Posaconazole
What are monoclonal antibodies?
Immune treatment
Affect only cells which possess target protein
Avoid side effects
What imaging technique is good to determine how we give chemotherapy and radiotherapy?
PET SCANS
What is rituximab and what is it used for?
RCHOP helps patients with grade B cell NHL
When do we use other anti-B cell antibodies other than rituximab?
In patients not responding to rituximab
On what cells is there CD30?
Hodgkin’s cells and some T cell NHL
What biological treatments are there?
Proteosome inhibitors and IMIDs
Use in multiple myeloma
Not chemotherapy (do not affect cells as they divide)
Not targeted to malignant cells therefore side effects
What is a proteasome?
Dustbin for old proteins inside cells
Breaks them down into amino acids for recycling
Blocking this allows accumulation of toxic proteins in cell causing apoptosisW
What are IMIDs and what are they used for?
What drugs are used in chronic myeloid leukemia?
Tyrosine kinase inhibitors like imatinib
Describe immune therapies
Allogenic bone marrow transplant (from a matched donor) is immune tehrapy
T cells from donor cause immune attack on cancer
Graft vs. leukemia or lymphoma effect
But also have immune attack of normal cells. Very toxic - graft versus host disease
What is graft versus host disease?
What is CAR-T cell therapy and how does it work ?
What is CAR-T used for?
