Advanced | PACU, Transfusion Medicine, Acid Base and Electrolytes Flashcards
An otherwise healthy 70-year-old man receives 12 units of packed red blood cells for persistent diffuse bleeding during suprapubic prostatectomy. ECG revealed the following. Which of the following would most likely explain the current ECG of this patient?
A. Hyperkalemia
B. Hypocalcemia
C. Hypercalcemia
D. Hypokalemia
A. Hyperkalemia
Hyperkalemia is generally defined as a serum [K+] of > 5.0 mEq/L, and ranges from mild cases between 5.0 and 5.5 mEq/L, moderate 5.5 and 6.0 mEq/L, and severe >6.0 mEq
- ECG changes are unlikely to be seen with [K+] <5.5 mEq/L, but when [K+] reaches the 5.5 to 6.5 mEq/L range, the characteristic peaked T waves can be seen.
Which of the following is considered the primary mechanism by which β2-agonists (such as Albuterol) reduce plasma potassium levels in the hyperkalemia?
A. Cardiac membrane stabilization
B. Induce intracellular shift of K
C. Total body K excretion
D. Induce Extracellular shift of K
B. Induce intracellular shift of K
A 21-year-old athlete has laryngospasm following extubation after undergoing repair of an inguinal hernia during general anesthesia. Bag and mask ventilation relieves the patient’s symptoms. In the PACU 15 minutes later, he has dyspnea; Sp02 is 85% at an Fl02 of .40. Which of the following is the most likely cause?
(A) Atelectasis
(B) Pneumothorax
(C) Negative pressure pulmonary edema
(D) Pulmonary embolism
(E) Residual paralysis
(C) Negative pressure pulmonary edema
In comparison with fresh frozen plasma, cryoprecipitate contains an increased concentration of factor
A. 5
B. 7
C. 8
D. 9
E. 10
C. 8
It is safe to give a prophylactic dose of enoxaparin (Clexane) for how many hours after removing an epidural catheter?
A. 2 hours
B. 4 hours
C. 6 hours
D. 12 hours
E. 24 hours
B. 4 hours
