Advanced cardiac life support

Question 1

what is the difference between AED and Defibrillator

Answer 1

AED- used in BLS( machine detects rhythm and delivers shock)
Defib - used in ACLS ( doctor decides when to give shock)

Question 2

Cardioversion vs Defib

Answer 2

Cardioversion- Synchronized DC shock is given at the peak of R wave ( point where heart contracts abnormally)
Defib- impulse given irrespective of the peak of R wave

Question 3

what is the management of asystole

Answer 3

give shots of adrenaline 1mg every 3-5min to convert asystole into ventricular fib and given shock

Question 4

Hypokalemia effect on heart

Answer 4

Torsades de pointes, Diaphragmatic paralysis

Question 5

Hyperkalemia effect on heart

Answer 5

Bradycardia, asystole

Question 6

How do you confirm that it is cardiac tamponade on ECG

Answer 6

electrical alternans ( beat to beat in QRS amplitude and axis)

Question 7

how to find if it is tension pneumothorax

Answer 7

Absent breath sounds on the affected side+ hypotension ( pulsus paradoxus- exagerrated BP drop on inspiration)

Question 8

Massive pulmonary embolism signs ?

Answer 8

Right ventricular failure, S1Q3T3, and Kussmaul sign ( deep, labored and rapid breathing pattern)

Question 9

When should epinephrine be given in CPR

Answer 9

After 2nd DC shock ( epinephrine increases coronary perfusion as it is a vasoconstrictor )

Question 10

when should amiodarone be given in CPR

Answer 10

After 3rd DC shock ( Amiodarone is given for shock refractory ventricular tachycardia)