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FP-C > Advanced Airway Management > Flashcards

Advanced Airway Management Flashcards

1
Q

What anatomical structure separates the upper and lower airways?

A

Larynx

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2
Q

MARCHE stands for:

A

Massive external hemorrhage
Airway
Respiratory
Circulatory
Head Injury
Environment

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3
Q

What are the three elements of the pediatric assessment triangle?

A

Appearance
Circulation
Work of breathing

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4
Q

What is the level of atmospheric O2?

A

21%

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5
Q

Every liter per minute of oxygen changes atmospheric oxygen by what percent?

A

4%

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6
Q

What is the range of PEEP on a BVM?

A

0-20 cm H20

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7
Q

What are the elements of HEAVEN criteria?

A

Hypoxemia
Extremes of size
Anatomic challenges
Vomit, blood, fluid
Exsanguination
Neck mobility

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8
Q

Goal for MAP is:

A

> 65

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8
Q

Goal for CVP is:

A

8-12

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9
Q

ETT cuff pressure should be:

A

20-30 cm H20

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9
Q

ETT size formula for kids?

A

(Age / 4) + 4

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9
Q

The alpha wave of ETCO2 waveform should be about what angle?

A

110

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9
Q

If ETT cuff pressure is below __ cm H20 then the likely hood of VAP increases by?

A

20, 400%

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10
Q

The beta wave of ETCO2 waveform should be about what angle?

A

90

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11
Q

What phase of the ETCO2 waveform indicates baseline, inhalation?

A

I

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12
Q

What phase of the ETCO2 waveform indicates the beginning of exhalation?

A

II

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13
Q

What phase of the ETCO2 waveform is where ETCO2 is measured?

A

III

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14
Q

What phase of the ETCO2 waveform indicates the beginning of inhalation?

A

0

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15
Q

On X-Ray, the end of the ETT should lie where?

A

5 cm above carine (+/- 2 cm)
T2 - T4
Collar bone junction

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16
Q

What is the dose for atropine during DSI?

A

0.02 mg/kg IV
May repeat once.

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16
Q

What is the minimum and maximum oer dose for atropine during DSI?

A

0.1mg minimum
0.5mg maximum

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17
Q

What is etomidate?

A

An induction, sedative agent.

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18
Q

What is the dosing for etomidate?

A

0.3 mg/kg

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19
Q

What is the onset of etomidate?

A

30 seconds

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20
Q

What is the duration of etomidate?

A

5-10 minutes

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21
Q

When should etomidate not be given?

A

Adrenal suppression, sepsis, and more.

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22
Q

Does etomidate have cardio side effects?

A

Minimal

23
Q

What is the dose of fentanyl for DSI?

A

1-3 mcg/kg

24
Q

What is the drip rate for fentanyl?

A

1-2 mcg/kg/hr

25
Q

What is the duration of fentanyl?

A

30-60 minutes

26
Q

What drug inhibits pain pathways, causes peripheral vasodilation by depressing alpha-adrenergic receptors and also decreases: preload, afterload and myocardial O2 demand

A

Fentanyl

27
Q

What is the induction dose for ketamine?

A

1-2 mg/kg

28
Q

What is the pain dose for ketamine?

A

0.1-0.25 mg/kg

29
Q

What is the drip dose for ketaminee?

A

5-20 mcg/kg/min

30
Q

What is the duration of ketamine?

A

5-15 minutes

31
Q

What is the induction dose for midazolam?

A

0.1 mg/kg

32
Q

What is the drip dose for midazolam?

A

20-100 mcg/kg/hr

33
Q

What is the duration of midazolam?

A

60-90 minutes

34
Q

What drug acts at level of the limbic, thalamic, and hypothalamic regions of CNS by effects of GABA and decreases nerve cell activityin all CNS?

A

Midazolam

35
Q

What is the initial dose for propofol?

A

40 mg every 10 seconds to desired effect

36
Q

What is the bran name for propofol?

A

Diprivan

37
Q

What is the drip dose for propofol?

A

5-200 mcg/kg/min

38
Q

What is the duration of propofol?

A

3-5 minutes

39
Q

What drug is a short acting hypnotic which produces amnesia but not analgesia and can cause hypotension?

A

Propofol

40
Q

Which drug is the only depolarizing neuromuscular blocker?

A

Succinylcholine

41
Q

What is the dose of succinylcholine?

A

1.5 mg/kg

42
Q

What is the onset of succinylcholine?

A

30-45 seconds

43
Q

What is the duration of succinylcholine?

A

5-10 minutes

44
Q

Which drug is an ultra-short acting depolarizing skeletal muscle relaxant which causes defasciculations?

A

Succinylcholine

45
Q

Which drug can cause malignant hyperthermia as a result? What is the treatment for that?

A

Succinylcholine
Dantrolene

46
Q

What are some contraindications of succinylcholine?

A

Burns, eye injuries, crush injuries, hyperK

47
Q

What is rocuronium?

A

A non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocker.

48
Q

What is the dose of rocuronium?

A

0.6-1.2 mg/kg

49
Q

What is the onset of rocuronium?

A

45-120 seconds

50
Q

What is the duration of rocuronium?

A

30-90 minutes

51
Q

Which drug prevents neuromuscular transmission by blocking acetylcholine at the myoneural juntion?

A

Rocuronium

52
Q

What is vecuronium?

A

A non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocker.

53
Q

What is the dose of vecuronium?

A

0.1 mg/kg
Max of 10mg

54
Q

What is the max dose of vecuronium?

A

10mg

55
Q

What is the onset of vecuronium?

A

30-60 seconds

56
Q

What is the duration of vecuronium?

A

25 - 40 minutes

57
Q

Which drug prevents neuromuscular transmission by competing for cholinergic receptors at the motor end plate?

A

Vecuronium

58
Q

If patient is hemodynamically unstable and requires DSI, what changes should you make?

A

1/2 the induction meds
x2 the paralytics
Start pressors

59
Q

What range on the RASS scale should you maintain the intubated patient?

A

-5 (unarousable) to +4 (combative)

60
Q

Differentiate Biot’s from ataxic respiratory patterns.

A

Ataxic is completely irregular whereas Biots will have more regularity in inspiration size and frequency

FP-C (3 decks)

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