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Phlebotomy > Advanced > Flashcards

Advanced Flashcards

1
Q

What is an exposure event?

a) skin is pierced by contaminated needle or sharp object
b) blood/body fluids splashed into the eye, nose, or mouth
c) blood or body fluids come into contact with cuts, scratches, or abrasions
d) all of the above

A

d) all of the above

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2
Q

What needle is the most common cause of needlesticks?

A

the butterfly/ winged infusion set

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3
Q

What is the first step when encountering a needle stick exposure?

A

wash area with soap & water for a minimum of 30 seconds

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4
Q

What is the most important step to follow for an exposure incident?

A

file an incident report with your supervisor/manager

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5
Q

What does the employer provide following an exposure incident?

A

A confidential medical evaluation at no cost to the employee with counseling/follow-up

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6
Q

What outlines the steps employers must take in case of a sharps injury? (LAW)

A

Needlestick Safety & Prevention Act (NSPA)
immediate access to medical evaluation & treatment

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7
Q

HBV, HCV are what type of diseases?

A

Hepatitis B & C are bloodborne pathogens

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8
Q

What type of hepatitis is most transmissible among healthcare workers?

A

HEP B= HBV

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9
Q

What type of hepatitis is most transmissible among the general public?

A

HEP C = HCV

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10
Q

What types of hepatitis are preventable by immunization?

A

HAV, HBV

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11
Q

Is there a cure/vaccination for HCV?

A

no

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12
Q

How is HIV Human Immunodeficiency Virus treated?

A

anti-viral therapy

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13
Q

For a spill, what is the most important step?

A

Concentrate on the absorption of fluid/prevent the spill from spreading

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14
Q

What happens if a spill contains broken glass/sharps?

A

Must be cleaned by a mechanical means (broom,tongs) and placed in sharps container

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15
Q

What is OSHA BBP?

A

OSHA has a Bloodborne Pathogen standard

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16
Q

What does OSHA require of facilities regarding the Bloodborne Pathogen Standard? BBP

A

Must have required documentation & procedure:
- exposure control plan
- occupational exposure to BBP
- blood spill clean-up
- procedure for needle sticks & other incidents
- decontamination of surfaces
- biohazardous waste disposal

17
Q

What happens when a facility does not follow OSHA BBP?

A

OSHA can fine or shut down the facility

18
Q

What are the clotting factors in the Coagulation Cascade?

A

calcium, thrombin, fibrinogen

19
Q

What is the final step in the clotting cascade?

A

fibrinogen turns to fibrin

20
Q

What are the groups regarding clotting factors?

A

2 groups:
intrinsic & extrinsic

21
Q

A patient is receiving Coumadin/Warfarin therapy, and the doctor wants to check the effect of the treatment on the patient.

  • What group of clotting factors does this check test?
  • Which blood test will they order?
A
  • Extrinsic
  • PT/INR
22
Q

A doctor wants to check the effect of Heparin drug therapy on a patient’s blood clotting.
- Which group of blood clotting factors does this test?
- What is the name of the blood test?

A
  • intrinsic
  • PTT/ aPTT
23
Q

What tube is used for a PT/INR or an aPTT/PTT test?
How many tubes should you use for both tests?

A
  • Blue/light blue
  • you can use 1
24
Q

Before applying a bandage after a blood draw, the phlebotomist is responsible for:

A

confirming the site has stopped bleeding

25
Q

Describe the two-point check. What are you looking for?

A

swelling & bleeding. Make sure bleeding has stopped

26
Q

Before releasing a patient after a successful blood draw, a phlebotomist should

A

apply a pressure bandage

27
Q

After a two point check, if the patient is still trickling/oozing blood, the phlebotomist must:

A

keep pressure for five minutes or longer until the bleeding has stopped

5 minutes - 2 point check - 5 minutes - 2 point check [if still bleeding, call for help/elevate arm/do not leave patient]

28
Q

What is a bleeding time test?

A

Test for platelet plug formation & hemostasis in the capillaries

29
Q

What blood tests for platelet plug formation & hemostasis in the capillaries?

A

Bleeding Time test

30
Q

What type of tube is utilized in a Bleeding Time test?

A

not collected with any type of tube
BP cuff, filter paper, stop watch

31
Q

What causes hemolysis in a specimen?

A

the

Phlebotomy (3 decks)

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