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CSD 450 Neuroanatomy > Adult Language Disorders > Flashcards

Adult Language Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

Occlusive vascular pathology

A

-Thrombotic: a blood clot inside a blood vessel, obstructing the flow of blood through the circulatory system –Embolic: the sudden blockage of an artery –TIA m

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2
Q

What are the 4 types of Vascular Pathologies that can cause language disorders?

A
  1. Occlusive vascular pathology (Blockage) 2. Hemorrhage (Bleeding) 3. Aneurysms 4. Arteriovenous malformation
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3
Q

What are the 3 types of Occlusive vascular pathologies that can cause language disorders?

A
  1. Thrombotic
  2. Embolic
  3. TIA
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4
Q

Thrombotic Stroke?

A

Blood clot impairs blood flow in an artery that supplies blood to the brain.

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5
Q

Embolic Stroke:

A

Blood clot that forms elsewhere in the body, breaks loose and travels to the brain via the bloodstream.

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6
Q

TIA

A

when blood flow to part of the brain is blocked or reduced , often by a blood clot.

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7
Q

Where does an Extracerebral hemerage occur?

A

Subarachnoid, subdural, or epidural area.

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8
Q

Intracerebral Hemorrage

A

Intracranial bleeding

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9
Q

What is an Aneurysm?

A

Localized enlargement of an artery caused by a weakening of the artery wall.

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10
Q

What is an Arteriovenous malformation?

A

A tangle of blood vessels in the brain

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11
Q

Describe Fluent Aphasia?

A
  1. Person is able to produce connected speech.
  2. Sentence structure is relatively intact but lacks meaning.
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12
Q

Desrcibe Nonfluent Aphasia?

A
  1. Speech production is halting and effortful.
  2. Grammar is impaired; content words may be preserved.
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13
Q

What are the 3 types of Nonfluent Aphasia?

A
  1. Broca’s Aphasia
  2. Transcortical Motor Aphasia
  3. Global Aphasia
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14
Q

Broca’s Aphasia:

A

word/phrase repetition is poor

PEWDLCAPA

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15
Q

Transcortical Motor Aphasia:

A
    • strong repetition skills
  • may have difficulty spontaneously answering questions
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16
Q

Global Aphasia:

A
  • severe expressive and receptive language impairment
  • may be able to communicate using facial expression, intonation, and gestures
17
Q

What are the 4 types of fluent aphasia?

A
  1. Conduction Aphasia
  2. Anomic Aphasia
  3. Wernicke’s Aphasia
  4. Transcortical Sensory Aphasia
18
Q

Conduction Aphasia:

A
  • word finding difficulties
  • difficulty repeating phrases
19
Q

Anomic Aphasia:

A
  • repetition of words/phrases good
  • word finding difficulties
  • uses generic fillers (e.g., “thing”) or circumlocution
20
Q

Wernicke’s Aphasia:

A
  • inability to grasp the meaning of spoken words
  • Person speaks using grammatically correct sentences with normal rate and prosody, but there are nonsense words sprinkled throughout their sentneces.
21
Q

Transcortical Sensory Aphasia:

A
  • Similar to Wernicke’s aphasia, with the exception of a strong ability to repeat words and phrases
  • “echolalia” sometimes present
22
Q

Literal Paraphasia

A
  • The substitution of a word with a nonword that preserves at least half of the segments and/or number of syllables of the intended word.​
23
Q

Verbal Paraphasia

A

When another word is substituted for the target word

24
Q

Lesion site of Broca’s Aphasia

A

-Posterior, inferior frontal lobe

25
Q

Transcortical Motor Aphasia lesion site:

A

anterior superior frontal lobe

26
Q

What is the difference between Broca’s and Transcortical Motor Aphasia?

A
  • Word repetition is intact
  • Higher degree of dysfluency
27
Q

Global Aphasia lesion site?

A

large perisylvian

28
Q

What differentiates Transcortical Sensory Aphasia from Wernicke’s?

A

Word repetition is good

29
Q

Global Aphasia

A

Mrs. Global ANN GARP

  • All language skills profoundly imparied
  • Nonfunctional Communication
  • Non-fluent
  • Gestures (facial/body) may be well interpreted
  • Auditory comprehension severly limited
  • Reading limited to a few words
  • Patients are alert, attentive, and task oriented, differentiates GA from Dementia.
30
Q

Lesion site of Wernickes:

A

Posterior superior temporal lobe

31
Q
A

CSD 450 Neuroanatomy (6 decks)

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