Adult Language Disorders Flashcards
Occlusive vascular pathology
-Thrombotic: a blood clot inside a blood vessel, obstructing the flow of blood through the circulatory system –Embolic: the sudden blockage of an artery –TIA m
What are the 4 types of Vascular Pathologies that can cause language disorders?
- Occlusive vascular pathology (Blockage) 2. Hemorrhage (Bleeding) 3. Aneurysms 4. Arteriovenous malformation
What are the 3 types of Occlusive vascular pathologies that can cause language disorders?
- Thrombotic
- Embolic
- TIA
Thrombotic Stroke?
Blood clot impairs blood flow in an artery that supplies blood to the brain.
Embolic Stroke:
Blood clot that forms elsewhere in the body, breaks loose and travels to the brain via the bloodstream.
TIA
when blood flow to part of the brain is blocked or reduced , often by a blood clot.
Where does an Extracerebral hemerage occur?
Subarachnoid, subdural, or epidural area.
Intracerebral Hemorrage
Intracranial bleeding
What is an Aneurysm?
Localized enlargement of an artery caused by a weakening of the artery wall.
What is an Arteriovenous malformation?
A tangle of blood vessels in the brain
Describe Fluent Aphasia?
- Person is able to produce connected speech.
- Sentence structure is relatively intact but lacks meaning.
Desrcibe Nonfluent Aphasia?
- Speech production is halting and effortful.
- Grammar is impaired; content words may be preserved.
What are the 3 types of Nonfluent Aphasia?
- Broca’s Aphasia
- Transcortical Motor Aphasia
- Global Aphasia
Broca’s Aphasia:
word/phrase repetition is poor
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Transcortical Motor Aphasia:
- strong repetition skills
- may have difficulty spontaneously answering questions
Global Aphasia:
- severe expressive and receptive language impairment
- may be able to communicate using facial expression, intonation, and gestures
What are the 4 types of fluent aphasia?
- Conduction Aphasia
- Anomic Aphasia
- Wernicke’s Aphasia
- Transcortical Sensory Aphasia
Conduction Aphasia:
- word finding difficulties
- difficulty repeating phrases
Anomic Aphasia:
- repetition of words/phrases good
- word finding difficulties
- uses generic fillers (e.g., “thing”) or circumlocution
Wernicke’s Aphasia:
- inability to grasp the meaning of spoken words
- Person speaks using grammatically correct sentences with normal rate and prosody, but there are nonsense words sprinkled throughout their sentneces.
Transcortical Sensory Aphasia:
- Similar to Wernicke’s aphasia, with the exception of a strong ability to repeat words and phrases
- “echolalia” sometimes present
Literal Paraphasia
- The substitution of a word with a nonword that preserves at least half of the segments and/or number of syllables of the intended word.
Verbal Paraphasia
When another word is substituted for the target word
Lesion site of Broca’s Aphasia
-Posterior, inferior frontal lobe
