Adult Developmental Disabilities Flashcards
cognitive approach
Allen’s Cognitive Disability Model (6 levels) involves matching activities to client cognitive level
cognitive behavioral
change behavior through skill building and education, home program, resources
biomechanical and physical
Reduces physical deficits in accompanying DX
Builds the physical components for function from ground up
Strengthening, ROM, coordination, endurance
behavioral
Used to train in a particular skill or target a behavior Instruction Modeling Reinforcement Token environments Positive reinforcement Chaining
sensory integrative
Decreasing sensory defensiveness
Reduce negative behaviors (self-injurious)
Improve underlying sensory processing and sensory integration
Facilitate adaptive responses to daily living
Brushing program
Weighted vest
remedial
Improve underlying deficits
examples
Teach how to write checks and reconcile check book
Teach how to use soap, shampoo, deodorant, how to rinse thoroughly, safe getting in and out of shower
Consider chronicity or acuteness of condition, client values, culture, needs and wants.
Age appropriateness
adaptive
Change to environment or activity to compensate for deficit
examples
Social worker deposits checks and manages finances and provides client with spending money.
Tear –free shampoo, soap on a rope, wash mitt, shower seat, grab bars, non-skid mat
assessment
Identify & define what client’s occupational priorities are
Determine the factors that enable or limit occupational performance (new DX, change in environment or routine?)
Assess in the natural environment
Collect info about routine from family & other professionals
Observation, questionnaires, appropriate standardized and formal assessments
observation
Observation plays a major role in the assessment
Observe for:
Performance Skills
Motor: position, stability, mobility
Process: attention, initiative, organization
Communication: eye contact, method of expression
Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scale Second Ed.(Vineland-II)
Measures adaptive behavior birth-90 years
Communication, Daily Living Skills, Socialization, Motor Skills, Maladaptive Behavior
Scores yield an adaptive behavior composite
Appropriate for clinical DX of autism spectrum, genetic disorders, developmental delays, emotional or behavioral disturbances, other mental & physical conditions
Sensory Integration Inventory Rev
Severe to profound MR
Provides info on the pt. sensory processing behaviors, self-stimulating behaviors and self-injurious behaviors
Screens for those who might benefit from Sensory Integrative Dysfunction
Rate observable behaviors in 4 areas:
Tactile, vestibular, proprioceptive & general reactions
Scales of Independent Behavior-SIB-R
Ages infant to 80+
Assesses level of functioning in key behaviors needed to function independently in home, social and community settings.
Administered by structured interview or checklist
Uses a Likert scale
45-60 min full scale
15-20 min short form
Available from the Riverside Publishing Company
Motor (gross & fine) Social interaction Language (expressive, comprehension) Eating & meal prep Toileting Dressing Personal self-care Time & punctuality Money & value Home, community, orientation Community living Personal living
intervention process
Requires repeated drills & practice to achieve internalization of learning with performance in appropriate contexts for generalization of learning Natural environment Direct TX Routines & Habits Environmental adaptations Guidance Monitoring Training (employers, Staff, family, etc.)
OT intervention
ADL Learning/Studies Work Leisure/Recreation Social participation Accessibility & environmental modifications Assistive technology
performance areas
Self-care Receptive or expressive language Self-direction Learning Capacity for independent living Economic self-sufficiency
