Adult Development theories work and career

Question 1

Adult development occurs socially through..?

Answer 1

Relationships and work.

Question 2

What gives meaning to adult life

Answer 2

Relationships and Career

Question 3

What are 3 things level of education increases regarding cognition?

Answer 3

1. Adult cognition
2. Maintains cognitive performance with age
3. affects cognition independently of physical and psychosocial maturity

Question 4

Are SES factors strongly linked to the level of education received and the type of institution attended?

Answer 4

Yes

Question 5

What type of institution is a low income or person or someone who has less-educated parents more likely to attend?

Answer 5

Non university training institutions

Question 6

What type of educational institution is someone from a high-income and well-educated parents background likely to attend?

Answer 6

University

Question 7

What is the age group most likely attending tertiary education list highest and what are the numbers of non-English speaking backgrounds from lower SES or those born overseas?

Answer 7

The highest age is 18-24, then 25-44

Numbers of Non-english speaking backgrounds even from low SES and those born overseas are high.

Question 8

Entering the workforce

Who is the theorist who created the five stage ladder of career development?

Answer 8

Greenhuas 1988

Question 9

What are the first three stages and ages of Greenhause’s ladder of career development?

Answer 9

Preparation for work 0-25,
Organisational entry - 18-25
Early Career age 25-40

Question 10

When is the typical age for the stages for mid-career and late-career?

Answer 10

They are typical of middle adulthood 40 -55 and 55 to retirement.

Question 11

What happens in the preparation for work 0-25 on Grennhaus’s career development ladder

Answer 11

Self-exploration to discover interests, talents and preferences.

Question 12

What kind of tasks are performed in the PREPARATION FOR WORK area on Greenhuas’s career development ladder? And what else can it include?

Answer 12

Develop occupational self-image.
Assess alternative occupational; choice
Pursue necessary education

It can include:
university / vocational training, apprenticeship or on the job skill development

Question 13

In the PREPARATION AREA of Greenhaus’s 1988 career development ladder what can on the job experience alleviate?

Answer 13

Reality shock for when the job starts.

Question 14

In the stage organisational entry which comes after Preparation for work in Greenhaus’s career ladder (1988) what are the two tasks

Answer 14

1. Obtain job offers from the desired organisation(s

2. Select appropriate Job based on accurate information

Question 15

What do we need to know when finding a job in the organisational entry of Greenhaus’s ladder to achieve the two tasks of
1 obtaining a job and
2. Select appropriate job based on accurate info.

Answer 15

Know what type of work to do

respond to demands of job market

Question 16

What does Athanasou (2002 say about the discrepancy between vocation al interests and eventual careers

Answer 16

There is sometimes a discrepancy between vocational interests and eventual careers due to individual circumstances and the job market.

Question 17

In Greenhaus’s EARLY CAREER AREA which comes after the Organisational entry stage and the preparation for work stage, what are the tasks?

Answer 17

Learn job and organisational rules and norms
Fit into chosen occupation and organisation
Increase competence
Pursue dream

Question 18

What are some points that are to be considered for individuals in the early career stage of Greenhaus’s ladder while they are completing tasks:
Gaining competence
Learning about rules and norms
fitting into organisation

Answer 18

The number of roles the individual multiplies with personal life and work life. The individual may be navigating other important milestones such as starting family
Important to note women have to juggle more roles than men and consider more choices re family or career.

Question 19

What does discrimination in the labour market mean.

Answer 19

The Valuation in the labour market of personal characteristics of a worker that is not related to productivity eg. sex race disability or SES status .

Question 20

What is it called if a worker’s personal characteristics such as race, gender or disability affect their evaluation for employment mean?

Answer 20

It means they have been discriminated against using personal criteria instead of their productivity being valued.

Question 21

As women are occupying male occupations are men starting to occupy female occupations at the same rate

Answer 21

No

Question 22

Re race and ethnicity are workers more likely to have their contracts cut if they are migrants

Answer 22

Yes they are more likely to have their contracts cut than non migrants

Question 23

Define sexual harassment in the workplace

Answer 23

Unwelcome sexual behaviour in the workplace

Question 24

Is sexual harassment seen only in vertical relatioshps between a boss and middle management or is it in the horizontal relationships too?

Answer 24

It’s seen both horizontal and vertical relationships

Question 25

Who has more power in the workplace and is more typical to harass

Answer 25

Males

Question 26

Is Sexual Harassment a subtype of aggression and what does it cause.

Answer 26

Yes sexual harassment is a subtype of aggression and limits the affectability of the victim to function in their job

Question 27

Define the Primary labour market and then the Secondary labour market.

Answer 27

Primary contains high paid workers working in good conditions
Secondary labour market contains low paid workers working in poor conditions

Question 28

What is the mobility between the Primary labour market and the secondary labour market? what might someone have to do to bridge the gap?

Answer 28

It is difficult with no career ladders to connect to, some may need go back to uni to formalise qualifications to bridge the gap.

Question 29

Who is more likely to hold jobs in the secondary market and does this include female?

Answer 29

yes it includes females and migrant workers, Indigenous Australian and Maori’s

Question 30

Are Adults in the 21st century lifelong learners and why?

Answer 30

Yes to keep up with technological demands are work

Question 31

Are individual engaging in more cyclical patters of work study rest to keep up with job skills required or find new opportunities

Answer 31

Yes

Question 32

What is it that motivates most adults learning projects? Give 5 reasons

Answer 32

motivated by a problem, task or decision. 
1. personal development 
2. personal enjoyment 
3 improve health and wellbeing 
4 improve job prospects 
5 meet new people

Question 33

List the order of more typical 
Adult learners attend: 
apprenticeships/traineeships 
vocational education and training (VET) 
higher education

Answer 33

VET, apprenticeships & then higher education