ADULT BLS

Question 1

Outline DRSABCD as per BSL algorithm

Answer 1

Danger
Response
Send for help
Airway
Breathing
Compressions
Defibrillation

Question 2

How do you assess responsiveness?

Answer 2

AVPU

Question 3

If the patient is responsive what do you do?

Answer 3

• Attach monitoring

- Continue ABCDE assessment

Question 4

If the patient is unresponsive what do you do?

Answer 4

• Send for help
• Open airway using appropriate manoeuvre
• Assess breathing

Question 5

How do you assess breathing?

Answer 5

• Look: for chest movement
• Listen: for breath sounds
• Feel: for air on cheek + carotid pulse

For 10 seconds

Question 6

If the patient is not breathing normally what do you do?

Answer 6

• Adult: Commence CPR

- Paed: 2 rescue breaths then commence CPR

Question 7

What are the key features of good CPR?

Answer 7

• Correct hand placement over sternum:
  > Adult: 2 hands
  > Child: 1 hand
  > Infant: 2 fingers
• Correct ratio:
  > Adult: 30 compressions: 2 breaths
  > Paed: 15 compressions: 2 breaths
• Correct depth: 1/3 of depth of chest
• Correct rate: 100-120 bpm
• Correct technique: allows for full chest recoil
• 2 effective breaths
  > Adult: post compressions
  > Paed: prior to commencing compressions

Question 8

What do you do for debrillation

Answer 8

• Attach defibrillation pads
• Monitor and advise team of 2 minute intervals
• Follow COACHED approach