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Cheng-Ching Questions > Adult and Pediatric Epilepsy > Flashcards

Adult and Pediatric Epilepsy Flashcards

1
Q

Mutation associated with GEFS+?

A

SCN1A

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2
Q

If there are GTC seizures along with absence seizures, which agents should you use?

A

Depakote, lamotrigine

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3
Q

What are meds that can aggravate absence epilepsy?

A

phenytoin, carbamazepine, gabapentin, lamotrigine

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4
Q

Dosing of topiramate that causes increase metabolism of OCP?

A

> 200 mmg/d

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5
Q

1st time therapy for benign rolandic epilepsy if you choose to treat it?

A

carbamazepine

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6
Q

PLEDs (periodic lateralized epileptiform discharges)

A

unilateral or bilateral, high amplitude, sharp, and slow wave complexes at 0.5 - 3 hz
*any destructive process such as anoxia, HSV encephalitis, drug toxicity, and other toxic metabolic etiologies

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7
Q

West syndrome triad

A

infantile spasms, hypsarrhythmia, psychomotor arrest/regression

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8
Q

Vigabatrin is associated with what ocular finding?

A

retinal toxicity

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9
Q

1st line treatment for West syndrome?

A

ACTH

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10
Q

Formula for calculating loading dose

A

(target total level - current total level) x (kg body weight x volume distribution)

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11
Q

Depakote dose what to lamotrigine’s half life?

A

increases half life by 24-48 hours

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12
Q

MOA benzos?

A

GABAa agonist, leads to subsequent activation of chloride channels–>hyperpolarization of the neuronal membrane and decreased neuronal excitability

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13
Q

Fencer’s posturing seizure localization

A

SMA
Seizure coming from the side of arm flexion.
head deviates towards contralateral side

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14
Q

Which syndrome has seizures that are sensitive to hyperthermia?

A

Dravet

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15
Q

Which syndrome is catastrophic and has burst suppression pattern that is present during wakefulness and sleep?

A

Ohtahara
*oooohshit that’s bad

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16
Q

Temporal lobe seizure lateralizing sign?

A

seizure arises from contralateral side to the dystonic extremity
automatisms ipsilateral to the focus

17
Q

Syndrome with stimulus induced myoclonus?

A

Unverricht-Lundborg
*mutation in EPM1 gene

18
Q

Sialidosis type 1 enzyme deficinecy?

A

alpha-neuraminidase
*adolescents and adults

19
Q

Sialidosis type 2 enzyme defiency?

A

alpha-acetyl neuraminidase and beta-galactosialidase
*neonatal and second decade of life

20
Q

EPM2A mutation is associated with what syndrome?

A

Lafora body disease

21
Q

What disorder has pathology showing perivascular cuffs of lymphocytes and monocytes and glial nodules in the gray and white matter?

A

Rasmussen’s encephalitis

22
Q

PLEDs

A

sharply contoured waves with various morphologies
occur every 1-2 seconds, lateralized to one hemisphere
*stroke, HSV, infection, hemorrhage, tumor

23
Q

REM period normally occurs how long after sleep onset?

A

90 mins

24
Q

Stage N1 sleep characteristics?

A

-slow rolling eye movements, reduction in muscle artifact, attenutation of the occipital dominant alpha and increaseing slower frequencies
- can also have vertex waves and POSTS

25
Q

Stage N2 sleep?

A

-K complexes
-sleep spindles

26
Q

REM sleep?

A

-alpha may be seen in occipital leads
-rapid eye movements

26
Q

Stage N3 sleep?

A

delta activity more than 20%

27
Q

OSA vs central sleep anpea?

A

in central sleep apnea there is transient central cessation of respiratory drive and airway obstruction does not occur

28
Q

Sleep terror

A

-non-REM parasomnia
-slow wave or stage 3 sleep
-doesn’t recall, wake up confused

29
Q

sleep walking

A

-non-REM parasomnia
-stage 3 sleep

30
Q

what type of sleep disorder has an increased prevalence of alpha synucleinopathies?

A

REM sleep behavior disorder

31
Q

REM parasomnia

A

-loss of normal atonia that happens during REM
-complex motor activity – acts out dreams, violent

32
Q

Kleine-Levin syndrome

A

recurrent hypersomnia, can last for several days or weeks with aggresiveness, confusiong and hypersexuality
INTERMITTENT

33
Q

What structure is involved in the pathophsyiology of nacroplexy with cataplexy

A

lateral hypothalamus
-loss of hypocretin neurons
-LOW HYPOCRETIN LEVELS

34
Q

Teenager who stays up all night, wakes up tired but when they sleep in they feel fine?

A

delayed sleep phase syndrome

Cheng-Ching Questions (7 decks)

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