Adrenoreceptors

Question 1

alpha-1

Answer 1

constricts smooth muscle

EXECEPTION = GI tract (relaxation)

Question 2

alpha-2

Answer 2

presynaptic inhibition of neurotransmitter release

Question 3

beta-1

Answer 3

increases heart rate + force of constriction

Question 4

beta-2

Answer 4

dilates/relaxes smooth muscle

increases release of NA from sympathetic nerves

Question 5

beta-3

Answer 5

thermogenesis in skeletal muscle

Question 6

where is adrenaline more potent at?

Answer 6

beta-2 and alpha-2

Question 7

where is noradrenaline more potent at?

Answer 7

alpha-1 and beta-1

Question 8

agonist

Answer 8

agents that bind to a receptor and elicit a response

Question 9

sympathetic agonist

Answer 9

agonist of sympathetic NS

Question 10

adrenergic agonist

Answer 10

stimulate response from adrenergic receptors

Question 11

sympathomimetic agonist

Answer 11

mimic effects of agonists of sympathetic NS

Question 12

where are beta-3 receptors found?

Answer 12

in adipose tissue

Question 13

indirectly acting sympathomimetics

Answer 13

structure similar to NA but don’t activate receptors

substrates for VMAT and EMT

increase cytosol NA and NA in synapse

Question 14

antagonist

Answer 14

binds to receptor but elicits no response (prevents binding of agonist)

Question 15

what type of receptor are muscarinic cholinergic receptors?

Answer 15

G protein coupled

Question 16

M1, M3 & M5

Answer 16

increase IP3 and Ca2+ production by activating inositol phosphate pathway

Question 17

M1

Answer 17

gastric and salivary glands

Question 18

M2

Answer 18

cardiac

myocytes

presynaptic

Question 19

M3

Answer 19

gastric and salivary glands

GI tract, eye, airways + bladder

endothelium BV

Question 20

M4

Answer 20

CNS

Question 21

M5

Answer 21

salivary glands

iris

ciliary muscles

Question 22

M2 & M4

Answer 22

open K+ ATP channels

= membrane hyperpolarisation

inhibits adenylyl cyclase and decreases cAMP levels

Question 23

symptoms of muscarinic poisoning (Sludge)

Answer 23

salivation

lacrimation

Urination

Diarrhoea

Gastric upset

Emesis

Question 24

symptoms of muscarinic poisoning (Dumbbels)

Answer 24

Diarrhoea

Urination

Miosis (pinpoint pupils)

Bradycardia

Bronchoconstriction

Emesis (vomiting)

Lacrimation

Salivation

Question 25

how can ipratropium be overcome?

Answer 25

increasing ACh conc. (competitive antagonist)

Question 26

difference between postsynaptic receptors being blockers & pre- ?

Answer 26

post = good

pre = bad (causes enhanced ACh production, which competes with drug at M3 receptor)