Adrenonegative Drugs Flashcards
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Carvedilol
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A= adrenonegative drug, selective alpha1 and nonselective beta blocker B= B>alpha1 block: decreases HR, contractility and myocardial oxygen demand thro beta bl. Also decreases systemic peripheral resistance via alpha rec. also acts as an antioxidant (prevents free radical damage in chronic heart disorders) and prevents ca2+ influx (--> vasodilation) C= hypertension, chronic heart failure of ischemic or cardiomypathic origin, angina pectoris
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Labetalol
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A= adrenonegative drug, reversible selective alpha1 and nonselective beta blocker (partial agonist) B= B>alpha1 block, lowers BP with minimum HR increase: decrease in systemic arterial bp and systemic vascular resistance without a substantial reduction in resting HR, CO or stroke volume, because of its combined alpha and beta blocking activity C= hypertension, acute hypertension, control of bp in patients with pheochromocytoma, pregnant women with preeclampsia
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Doxazosin
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A= adrenonegative drug, selective alpha1 antagonist B= blocks selectively alpha1 receptors --> decreases systemic peripheral vascular resistance and induces vasodilation --> decreases bp (long lasting, 1 tab/day) C= hypertension and benign prostatic hyperplasia
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Prazosin
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A= adrenonegative drug, selective alpha1b antagonist B= blocks alpha1b receptors --> decreases systemic peripheral vascular resistance --> vasodilation (relaxes both arterial and venous SMC C= hypertension and benign prostatic hyperplasia, severe congestive heart failure. May be used together with beta blockers for treatment of pheochromocytoma
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Tamsulosin
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A= adrenonegative drug, competitive uroselcetive alpha1 antagonist B= has higher affinity for alpha1a and alpha1d receptors located on SMC of prostate and urinary bladder --> relaxes smc more than peripheral vessels C= benign prostatic hyperplasia (not hypertension)
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Nicergoline
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A= adrerenonegative drug, non selective alpha antagonist, ergot alkaloid derivative B= blocks both alpha1 and alpha2 receptors --> decreases peripheral resistance and constrictions of blood vessels --> vasodilation--> improves blood flow C= improves blood flow in cerebral blood disorders (e.g atherosclerosis and thrombosis) and also migraines of vascular origin, transient ischemia, senile dementia, endarteritis obliterans, Raynaud's disease and hypertensive crisis, trophic ulcers (peripheral vascular disorders!, diabetes).
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Timolol (eye drops topically!)
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A= adrenonegative drug, non selective beta blocker without ISA B= blocks beta1 and beta2 receptors --> decreases secretion of A.H when applied topically to eye --> decreases intra ocular pressure. In tablets decreases cardiac activities C= open angle and secondary glaucoma, hypertension, angina, migraine, hyperthyroidism
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Propranolol
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A= adrenonegative drug, non cardioselective beta blocker without ISA B= blocks beta1and 2 receptors --> reduction in caricac ino-chronotropic-batmo-dromotropic effects as well as blood pressure and reflex orthostatic hypotension. Prevents sympathetic cardiac stimulation/ and reduce plasma renin secretions C= angina pectoris, hypertension, tachycardia, heart failure, migraine, anti-anxiety activity (blocks serotonin receptors) acute myocardial infarction, hyperthyroidism, pheochromocytoma
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Metoprolol tartrate
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A= adrenonegative drug, selective beta1 antagonist without ISA B= blocks beta1>beta2 (cardioselective) --> reduces cardiac output (negative ino/batmo/chrono/dromotropic effects) C= angina pectoris, hypertension, arrhythmias, migraine, stenocardia, acute myocardial infarction, chronic heart failure!
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Metoprolol succinate (prolonged action! >24hrs)
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A= adrenonegative drug, selective beta1 antagonist without ISA B= blocks beta1>beta2 (cardioselective) --> reduces cardiac output (negative ino/batmo/chrono/dromotropic effects) C= angina pectoris, hypertension, arrhythmias, migraine, stenocardia, acute myocardial infarction, chronic heart failure!
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Bisoprolol
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A= adrenonegative drug, selective beta1 blocker B= blocks beta1 receptors in heart and vascular smooth muscle. This results in a reduction of HR, CO, bp etc. At higher doses (>20mg) Bisoprolol may completely block beta2 receptors in bronchial and vascular smooth muscles --> bronchospasm and vasodilation C= angina pectoris, hypertension, tachycardia, migraine,coronary artery disease, ischemic heart diseases, prevention of MI
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Nebivolol
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A= adrenonegative drug, cardioselective beta1 antagonist without ISA B= blocks beta 1 receptors + increased production of NO (further vasodilation, ERF) --> lowers heart rate and pressure. Also prevents release of renin. At high conc it may bind to beta2 receptors C= angina pectoris, hypertension, arrhythmias
