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Pharm > Adrenoceptor antagonist 1!! > Flashcards

Adrenoceptor antagonist 1!! Flashcards

1
Q

which adrenoceptor antagonist (receptor) is used for hypertension and prostatic hyperplasia?

A

alpha 1

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2
Q

Which adrenoceptor does not have many clinical uses?

A

alpha 2

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3
Q

Mixed Alpha 1&2 adrenoceptor antagonists are commonly used for?

A

pheochromocytoma

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4
Q

Which adrenoceptor antagonists are used for hypertension, arrhythmia, ischemic, heart disease, endocrine and neurologic disorders, glaucoma?

A

Beta antagonists

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5
Q

Which adrenoceptor antagonists are sympatolytic?

A

mixed antagonists alpha & beta

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6
Q

Which antagonists cause a lowering of peripheral vascular resistance and blood pressure?

A

alpha antagonists

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7
Q

Which drugs can prevent the pressor effects of alpha agonists? What are they called?

A

alpha antagonists

called an “epinephrine reversal”

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8
Q

What often causes postural hypotension and bradycardia?

A

alpha antagonists

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9
Q

What is the genitourinary effects of alpha antagonists?

A

decreased resistance to urine flow and can help with urinary retention (especially due to an enlarged prostate)

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10
Q

Which adrenoceptor antagonist drug is used in the management of hypertension?

A

Prazosin - highly selective for alpha-1- receptors

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11
Q

What does Prazosin not have an effect on?

A

Does NOT have tachycardic effect of phentolamine or phenoxybenzamine

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12
Q

Which adrenoceptor antagonist drug is used to treat BPH (benign prostatic hyperplasia)?

A

Terazosin

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13
Q

Which adrenoceptor antagonist drug is used to hypertension and BPH (benign prostatic hyperplasia)?

A

Doxazosin

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14
Q

Which three alpha antagonistic drugs have a higher affinity for alpha 1 over alpha 2?

A

Prazosin, terazosin, doxazosin

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15
Q

Which drug has a longer half life than Prazosin or Terazosin?

A

Doxazosin

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16
Q

Which adrenoceptor antagonist is a great drug for BPH because it inhibits the prostatic smooth muscle? When does it have a less dramatic effect on Blood Pressure?

A

Tamsulosin (Flowmax)

Less dramatic effect on BP in standing patients

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17
Q

Tamsulosin (Flowmax) is a competitive ______ antagonist.

A

Alpha 1 antagonist

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18
Q

Which andrenoreceptor antagonist drug causes blockade of long duration at alpha receptors?

A

Phenoxybenzamine

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19
Q

Which adrenoceptor is phenoxybenzamine selective for?

A

Alpha-1 (but less so than Prazosine)

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20
Q

What receptors does phenoxybenzamine block?

A

histamine, acetylcholine, and serotonin receptors

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21
Q

Which adrenoreceptor antagonist causes severe hypotension when patient is upright?

A

Phenoxybenzamine

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22
Q

What does Phenoxybenzamine inhibit the reuptake of?

A

norepinephrine

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23
Q

Which adrenoreceptor antagonistic drug is used to treat pheochromocytoma?

A

Phenoxybenzamine and Phentolamine

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24
Q

What are the adverse effect of Phenoxybenzamine?

A
  1. postural hypotension & tachycardia
  2. nasal stuffiness
  3. inhibition of ejaculation
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25
Q

Which adrenoreceptor antagonist is a potent competitive antagonist of both alpha1 and alpha 2 receptors and leads to enhanced release of norephinephrine and thus stimulates the heart?

A

Phentolamine

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26
Q

What are the adverse effects of Phentolamine?

A
  1. tachycardia
  2. arrhythmias
  3. MI
  4. Headache
  5. nasal congestion
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27
Q

What is used to treat pheochchromocytoma and male erectile dysfunction?

A

Phentolamine

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28
Q

What is ALfuzosin used for?

A

alpha-1 selective drug used to treat BPH

29
Q

antihypertensive drug

A

Indoramin

30
Q

antihypertensive drug; also treats BPH; only used in Europe

A

Urapidil

31
Q

alpha and beta blocking capability

A

Labetolol

32
Q

an antidepressant that blocks alpha receptors

A

trazodone

33
Q

Alpha 2 selective agent with no specific clinical values as of yet

A

Yohimbine

34
Q

adrenal tumor characterized by episodic release of Epi (80%) and NE (20%)

A

Pheochromocytoma

35
Q

What is Labetalol still used for in emergencies?

A

hypertensive emergency

36
Q

What beta-receptor blocking drugs have intrinsic sympathomimetic properties?

A

partial agonsists

37
Q

T/F Beta Receptor Blocking Drugs that are selective for B1 vs B2 are dose related. Selectivity decreases at higher doses.

A

True

38
Q

What do all beta receptor blocking drugs have in common?

A

They all treat hypertension

39
Q

What ethnic class are beta receptor blocking drugs less efficacious in?

A

African Americans & Elderly

40
Q

What class of drugs has been shown to decreases portal vein pressure in patients with cirrhosis?

A

Beta receptor blocking drugs

41
Q

How do beta receptor blocking drugs effect blood pressure?

A

when used chronically beta receptor blocking drugs lower blood pressure in patients with hypertension

42
Q

T/F When given chronically, beta receptor blocking drugs will give lower BP in patients with hypertension, inhibit renin release, and always causes hypotension in a healthy individual.

A

FALSE! usually DONT cause hypotension in healthy individual

43
Q

WHen are cardiovascular effects of beta blockers most strongly indicated?

A

in the acute phase of a heart attatck

44
Q

What type of arrhythmias are beta blockers used to treat?

A

supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias

45
Q

What are valuable for the heart following MI, angina, and CHF? (congestive heart failure)

A

Beta Blockers

46
Q

T/F Beta Blockers have positive ionotropic and negative chronotropic effects. Most cause tachycardia.

A

FALSEEE!!!

  1. negative ionotropic & negative chronotropic effects
  2. Most cause BRADYCARDIA
47
Q

T/F Beta Blockers lead to decreased air resistance, especially in patients with asthma.

A

FALSE!

increased airway resistance, especially with pt’s with asthma

48
Q

What beta receptors are present in the bronchi?

A

B2

49
Q

Should beta blockers be avoided in asthmatics? why?

A

YES! they should be avoided, because the receptors are not completely selective.

50
Q

What type of patient with a respiratory disease could tolerate beta blockers? why?

A

Patients with COPD however may tolerate the drugs and risk/benefit ratio needs to be considered.
i.e. a patient with COPD and severe ischemic heart disease

51
Q

What is the opthalmic effect of beta blockers?

A

reduce ocular pressure, especially in the eyes of patients with glaucoma

52
Q

What is the mechanism of the opthalmic effect of beta blockers?

A

they decreases the production of aqueous humor

53
Q

What receptor inhibits the stimulation of lipolysis?

A

Beta 3

54
Q

How do beta blockers effect cholesterol?

A 
decrease HDL (the good cholesterol) and increase VLDL
--may be less with ISA
55
Q

Due to the effects that beta blockers have on CHOLESTEROL .. what pt’s should AVOID using beta blockers?

A

patients with CVD risk

56
Q

What is partially inhibited by beta blockers?

A

gycogenolysis

57
Q

Due to the effect that beta blockers have on glycogenolysis, what patients should avoid using beta blockers?

A

Diabetic patients, because glycogenolysis is the bodies defense against hypoglycemia

58
Q

What is the prototypical beta blocking drug?

A

Propanolol (Inderal)

59
Q

T/F Propanolol (Inderal) is selective for B1 receptors.

A

False - nonselective among beta receptor subtypes

60
Q

What is used in patients who have had an IM to prolong survival and protect the heart?

A

Propanolol (Inderal)

61
Q

T/F Propanolol (Inderal) has little effect on alpha receptors.

A

true

62
Q

What can be used during thyroid storm (severe hyperthyroidism) to control supraventricular tachycardia?

A

Propanolol (Inderal)

63
Q

T/F Propanolol (Inderal) is useless against migraines.

A

false- can reduce the frequency and intensity of migraines

64
Q

What is useful in patients who have suffered ischemic heart damage and also with CHF? What receptor is it selective for?

A

metoprolol (Lopressor) and Atenolol - B-1 selective drugs

65
Q

What beta blocker is safer to use in patient who suffer from asthma or COPD?

A

Metoprolol (Lopressor) & Atenoldol

66
Q

T/F Metoprolol (Lopressor), Atenolol, and Propanolol are useful in treating migraines.

A

true

67
Q

What is the most selective beta 1 antagonist?

A

Nebivolol

68
Q

What are the 3 things associated with Nebivolol?

A
  1. vasodilator by increasing endothelial NO production
  2. increase insulin sensitivity
  3. No adverse effect on lipid profile
69
Q

What is a nonselective Beta blocker that has excellent ocular hypotensive effects when administered topically on the eye?

A

Timolol

Pharm (6 decks)

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