Adrenergic drugs--Hwa

Question 1

Where are alpha 1 receptors located?

Answer 1

Everywhere

Question 2

Where are alpha 2 receptors located?

Answer 2

On the blood vessels

Question 3

Where are beta 1 receptors located?

Answer 3

On the heart

Question 4

Where are beta 2 receptors located?

Answer 4

Respiratory tract, blood vessels, and uterus

Question 5

What do alpha 2 receptors do?

Answer 5

Vasoconstriction, some inhibition of NE (negative feedback loop)

Question 6

Name the alpha 1 agonist drugs

Answer 6

Phenylephrine (Neosynephrine) and oxymetazoline

Question 7

Name the alpha 2 agonist drugs

Answer 7

Clonidine (Catapress) and dexmedetomidine

Question 8

Name the Beta 1 selective agonists

Answer 8

Dobutamine (Dobutrex)

Question 9

Name the Beta 2 selective agonists

Answer 9

Albuterol (Ventolin), salmeterol, terbutaline

Question 10

Name the non-selective beta agonists

Answer 10

Isoproterenol (isuprel)

Question 11

Name the non-selective alpha ANTagonists

Answer 11

phenolamine and phenoxybenzamine

Question 12

Name the A1 selective ANTagonists

Answer 12

Prazosin, Tamsulosin, Doxazosin

Question 13

Name the nonselective beta blockers

Answer 13

propranolol 
Timolol
Pindolol
Sotalol
Labetolol
Carvedilol
Nadolol

Question 14

Name the beta 1 selective antagonists

Answer 14

metoprolol

atenolol

Question 15

What patient groups are we worried about giving beta 2 nonselective blockers?

Answer 15

COPD patients, asthma patients. Also, diabetics because Beta 2 blockers inhibit insulin, glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis. After an insulin shot, diabetics then become more prone to hypoglycemia

Question 16

What is isoproterenol used for?

Answer 16

Vasodilation and increase HR (non-selective beta blocker)

Question 17

What are the side effects of isoproterenol?

Answer 17

tachycardia, BP, arrhythmias

Question 18

What is phenylephedrine used for?

Answer 18

Nasal decongestion, mydriatic, hypertensive

Question 19

What is phenylephedrine used for?

Answer 19

Vasoconstriction

Question 20

What is clonidine used for?

Answer 20

hypotension, menopausal flushing, migraine

Question 21

How is clonidine delivered?

Answer 21

IV

Question 22

What are the effects of clonidine administration?

Answer 22

Acute hypertensive response

Question 23

What are the side effects of clonidine?

Answer 23

dry mouth, sedation, contact dermatitis

Question 24

What is dobutamine used for?

Answer 24

Cardiogenic shock

Question 25

What are the effects of dobutamine?

Answer 25

Increased HR and contractility, dilation of renal and mesenteric vessels

Question 26

What are the side effects of dobutamine?

Answer 26

Tachycardia, hypertension, hypotension, ectopic activity

Question 27

What are the side effects of albuterol?

Answer 27

Tachycardia, tremor, tolerance

Question 28

What is mirabegron used for?

Answer 28

Overactive bladders

Question 29

What is the action of miraegron? What receptor does it work on?

Answer 29

Beta 3 adrenergic receptor agonist. Relaxes detrusor muscle

Question 30

What is the side effect of mirabegron?

Answer 30

Tachycardia, HT

Question 31

What is ephredrine used for?

Answer 31

nasal decongestant, hypotension. Also called pseudoephedrine.

Question 32

What is the effect of ephedrine?

Answer 32

Increases Norepinephrine release, causing prolonged CNS stimulation.

Question 33

What are the adverse reactions of ephedrine?

Answer 33

HTN, insomnia, tachyphylaxis

Question 34

What is amphetamine used for?

Answer 34

Obesity, narcolepsy, ADD

Question 35

What is the effect of amphetamine?

Answer 35

Increases amine release, causing CNS stimulation

Question 36

What are the side effects of amphetamine?

Answer 36

Restlessness, tremor, irritability, insomnia, dependency, tolerance

Question 37

What is tyramine used for?

Answer 37

Increased amine release

Question 38

What are the side effects of tyramines?

Answer 38

Hypotension...also beware of interaction with MAOIs

Question 39

What does cocaine do?

Answer 39

Local anesthetic

Question 40

How does cocaine work?

Answer 40

Inhibits NE, dopamine, CNS stimulant

Question 41

What are adverse reactions with cocaine?

Answer 41

Hypertension, AMI, arrhythmias, seizures

Question 42

Name three ways that antagonists can block adrenergic innervation (sympatholytics)

Answer 42

1. Decrease sympathetic outflow from the brain 2. Suppress nerve terminal NE 3. Block post-synaptic receptors

Question 43

What do you use phentoamine for?

Answer 43

Decreasing blood pressure. It is rarely used.

Question 44

What do you use phenoxybenzamine for?

Answer 44

Peripheral vasospasm

Question 45

What are the adverse rxns with phenoxybenzamine?

Answer 45

Hypotension, tachycardia

Question 46

What is Prazosin used for?

Answer 46

Anti-HTN

Question 47

What are the adverse effects of prazosin?

Answer 47

First dose effect, large decrease in blood pressure causing postural hypotension

Question 48

What is propranolol used for?

Answer 48

Hypertension, IHD, arrhythmias

Question 49

What are the adverse rxns with propranolol?

Answer 49

Bradycardia, CCF, bronchoconstriction, hypoglycemia, aggravated PVD

Question 50

What do you use timolol for?

Answer 50

Glaucoma

Question 51

What are the adverse rxns with timolol?

Answer 51

Bronchoconstriction

Question 52

What is pindolol used for?

Answer 52

Beta blocker used in patients with bradycardia, or with poor cardiac drive

Question 53

What is sotalol used for?

Answer 53

Atrial and ventricular tachyarrhythmias

Question 54

What is the effect of sotalol?

Answer 54

Prolongs the cardiac action potential by blocking the K channels

Question 55

What is metoprolol used for?

Answer 55

HT, IHD

Question 56

What are adverse reactions associated with metoprolol?

Answer 56

Bronchoconstriction, bradycardia

Question 57

What is atenolol used for?

Answer 57

HT, renal excretion, IHD

Question 58

What are adverse reactions associated with atenolol?

Answer 58

Bronchoconstriction, bradycardia

Question 59

What is labetolol used for?

Answer 59

Hypertension, pheochromocytoma

Question 60

What are some adverse reactions with labetolol?

Answer 60

Hypotension, tachycardia

Question 61

What is carvedilol used for?

Answer 61

Treatment of heart failure. It's been shown to improve survival through antioxidant effects

Question 62

Name the non-selective alpha agonists

Answer 62

Methoxamine

Question 63

What drug blocks alpha1, alpha 2, beta 1 and beta 2?

Answer 63

Labetolol