Adrenergic Drugs

Question 1

Amphetamine-like Indirect Sympathomimetics (Example, MOA, Indications, AEs)

Answer 1

[Indirect Sympathomimetics]

Examples: Amphetamine, Ephedrine, Pseudoephedrine

MOA: Displaces NE in vesicles –> NE gets pumped out of neuron due to not enough space

Indications: hypotension, nasal congestion, CNS effects

AE’s: inc. HR, inc. BP, cardiac arrhythmias, CNS effects (paranoia, insomnia, headaches, nervousness)

Question 2

Epinephrine (MOA, Indications, AE’s)

Answer 2

[Sympathomimetics –> endogenous catecholamines]

MOA: agonist at alpha1, beta1, and beta2 receptors

Indications: cardiac arrest, anaphylaxis

AE’s: Arrhythmias, hypertension

Question 3

Norepinephrine (MOA, Indications, AE’s)

Answer 3

[Sympathomimetics –> endogenous catecholamines]

MOA: agonist at alpha1 and beta1 receptors

Indications: hypotension

AE’s: Arrhythmias, hypertension

Question 4

Phenylephrine (MOA, Indications, AE’s)

Answer 4

[Alpha1 agonist]

MOA: [alpha1-selective] stimulates at alpha1 receptors

Indications: hypotension, nasal congestion, mydriatic agent

AE’s: hypertension, rebound congestion

Question 5

Isoproterenol (MOA, Indications, AE’s)

Answer 5

[Nonselective beta agonist]

MOA: stimulates at beta1 and beta2 receptors

Indications: Bradycardia, AV block

AE’s: Tachycardia, arrhythmias, tremors

Question 6

Dobutamine (MOA, Indications, AE’s)

Answer 6

[Beta1 agonist]

MOA: stimulates at beta1 receptors

Indications: Acute HF, cardiogenic shock

AE’s: Tachycardia, arrhythmias

Question 7

Albuterol + other “terols” (MOA, Indications, AE’s)

Answer 7

[Beta2 agonist]

MOA: stimulates at beta2 receptors

Indications: asthma/COPD

AE’s: Tachycardia, arrhythmias, tremors

Question 8

Phentolamine (MOA, Indications, AE’s)

Answer 8

[Nonselective alpha antagonist]

MOA: competitively antagonism at alpha receptors

Indications: pheochromocytoma

AE’s: orthostatic hypotension, reflex tachycardia

Question 9

Prazosin + other “zosin” (MOA, Indications, AE’s)

Answer 9

[Alpha1 antagonist]

MOA: competitively antagonism at alpha1 receptors

Indications: hypertension, BPH

AE’s: orthostatic hypotension, reflex tachycardia

Question 10

Clonidine (MOA, Indications, AE’s)

Answer 10

[Alpha2 agonist]

MOA: stimulates (agonist) at alpha2 receptors –> prevents NE release

Indications: hypertension (not in pregnancy)

AE’s: sedation, dry mouth

Question 11

Methyldopa (MOA, Indications, AE’s)

Answer 11

[Alpha2 agonist]

MOA: stimulates (agonist) at alpha2 receptors –> prevents NE release

Indications: hypertension (ALLOWED for pregnancy)

AE’s: sedation, dry mouth

Question 12

Propranolol + other “olol” with N-Z (MOA, Indications, AE’s)

Answer 12

[Nonselective beta antagonist; 1st gen]

MOA: competitive antagonism at beta1 receptors (beta2 blockade = adverse effects)

Indications: hypertension, angina, arrhythmias, heart failure, myocardial infarction

AE’s: bradycardia, AV block, bronchoconstriction (beta2 specific)

Question 13

Atenolol + other “olol” with A-M (MOA, Indications, AE’s)

Answer 13

[Beta1 antagonist; 2nd gen]

MOA: competitive antagonism at beta1 receptors (beta2 blockade = adverse effects)

Indications: hypertension, angina, arrhythmias, heart failure, myocardial infarction

AE’s: bradycardia, AV block, bronchoconstriction (beta2 specific)

Question 13

Metoprolol + other “olol” with A-M (MOA, Indications, AE’s)

Answer 13

[Beta1 antagonist; 2nd gen]

MOA: competitive antagonism at beta1 receptors (beta2 blockade = adverse effects)

Indications: hypertension, angina, arrhythmias, heart failure, myocardial infarction

AE’s: bradycardia, AV block, bronchoconstriction (beta2 specific)

Question 14

Carvedilol (MOA, Indications, AE’s)

Answer 14

[Beta1 antagonist; 3rd gen (w/ CV benefits)]

MOA: competitive antagonism at beta1 receptors (beta2 blockade = adverse effects)

Indications: hypertension, angina, arrhythmias, heart failure, myocardial infarction

AE’s: bradycardia, AV block, bronchoconstriction (beta2 specific)