Adrenergic and antiadrenergic

Question 1

List the uses and adverse effects of noradrenaline

Answer 1

alpha & beta adrenergic agonist; use for severe hypotension; adverse effects hypertension, tachycardia, Ventricular arrhythmia, necrosis due to vasoconstriction

Question 2

List the uses and adverse effects of adrenaline

Answer 2

alpha & beta adrenergic agonist;
use for anaphylatic;
Adverse effects: hypertension, tachycardia, Ventricular arrhythmia, necrosis due to vasodilation

Question 3

List the uses and adverse effects of Dopamine

Answer 3

alpha 1 & beta 1 agonist; uses for severe hypotension, cardiac resuscitation
Adverse effect:hypertension, tachycardia, Ventricular arrhythmia, necrosis due to vasodilation

Question 4

List the uses and adverse effects of Oxymetazoline

Answer 4

Alpha receptor agonist;
use for nasal decongestion;
Adverse side effect: rebound congestion

Question 5

List the uses and adverse effects of Phenylephrine

Answer 5

alpha1 receptor agonist;
Uses for hypotension, nasal decongestion;
Adverse side effect: hypertension,reflex bardycardia

Question 6

List the uses and adverse effect of Brimonidine.

Answer 6

alpha 2 receptor agonist;
Uses for open-angle glaucoma
Adverse side effect: hypotension

Question 7

List the uses and adverse effect of isoprenaline.

Answer 7

beta receptor agonist;
Uses for asthma, cadiac resuscitation
Adverse side effect: arrhythmia,tachy

Question 8

List the uses adn adverse effect of dobutamine

Answer 8

beta 1 receptor agonist;
Uses for congestive heart failure
Adverse side effect: Tachy

Question 9

List the uses and adverse effect of Salbutamol/Terbutaline

Answer 9

beta 2> beta 1 agonist;
uses for asthma and premature labour
adverse side effect: arrhythmia techy, vasodilation

Question 10

List the uses and adverse effect of Mirabegron

Answer 10

beta 3 receptor agonist
Uses for overactive bladder
Adverse side effect arrhythmia and tachy

Question 11

What indirect adrenergic agent inhibit enzymatic breakdown of NA (MAOA, monoamine oxidase Antagonist)? What uses are there for this agent?

Answer 11

moclobemide; antidepressant

Question 12

What indirect adrenergic agent inhibits reuptake of endogenous catecholamines?
What uses are there for this agent?

Answer 12

Tricyclic antidepressants (TCA), antidepressant

Question 13

What indirect adrenergic agent displace endogenous catecholamines, forcing NE out into the synapse?
What uses are there for this agent?

Answer 13

Ephedrine, Pseudoephedrine;
nasal decongestants

Question 14

List the uses and adverse effect of Prazosin.

Answer 14

alpha 1 antagonist;
hypertension (block vasocontriction)
Urinary symptoms of BPH
Adverse effect: postural hypotensin ( very severe after first dose), abnormal ejaculation, nasal congestion

Question 15

List the uses and adverse effect of propranolol.

Answer 15

beta antagonist ;
hypertension, angina, arrhythmia, excessive catecholamine in hyperthyroidism
Adverse effect: bronchoconstriction (Ci: asthma), heart failure, direct membrane effect (anesthetic-like actions)

Question 16

List the uses and adverse effect of sotalol.

Answer 16

beta antagonist:
arrhythmia
Adverse effect: broncocontriction (Ci: asthma), heart failure

Question 17

List the uses and adverse effect of timolol

Answer 17

Beta antagonist
Glaucoma
Adverse effect: limited as theres no local anesthetic action

Question 18

List the uses and adverse effect of Bisoprolol

Answer 18

Beta 1»B2 antagonists
Hypertension, angina, MI
Adverse effect: CI asthma (still have B2 antagonist effect)

Question 19

Why is bisoprolol more favourable to propanolol for the treatment of heart failure ?

Answer 19

• Bronchospasm in response to propranolol
• Diabetes ( does not block role of B2 in insulin secrerion and glycogenolysis in liver)
• Peripheral vascular disease (do not block role of B2 adrenoceptors in vaodilation in sketetal muscle)

Question 20

List the uses and adverse effect of Phenoxybenzamine

Answer 20

Irreversible alpha antagonist
- management of pheochromocytoma
Adverse effect: postural hypotension, reflec tachy, inhibition of ejaculation, nasal congestion, drowsiness

Question 21

Why are beta blockers contraindicated in diabetes?

Answer 21

They can mask the symptoms of hypoglycaemia. ( tremor and heart pounding due to activation of sympathetic nervous system)

Question 22

Which indirect antiadrenergic agents are agonists at presynaptic autoreceptors?

Answer 22

Dexmedetomidine (use as sedative; AE: hypotension and dry mouth) ;clonidine (use for resistant hypertension)

Question 23

Which indirect antiadrenergic agents decrease NE synthesis?

Answer 23

Methyldopa by inhibiting tyrosine hydroxylase, resulting in formation of false transmitter.
Use in treatment of hypertension
AE: hemolytic anaemia and hepatotoxicity