Adrenergic Agents and Blockers

Question 1

The ultimate effect of the sympathetic system is mediated by the release of?

Answer 1

Norepinephrine

Question 2

Sympathetic activation leads to?

Answer 2

Increased alertness

Question 3

What is the mechanism of action of an indirect adrenergic agonist?

Answer 3

Inhibit re-uptake of norepinephrine from the synaptic cleft

Question 4

What receptor is activated in the pre-synaptic membrane will inhibit neurotransmitter release?

Answer 4

Alpha-2

Question 5

What receptor is activated invovles stimulation of phospholipase c?

Answer 5

Alpha-1

Question 6

What adrenergic system is predominantly found in the heart?

Answer 6

Beta-1

Question 7

Alpha-2 receptor is coupled to what protein?

Answer 7

G-protein

Question 8

Prolonged mechanism of action of ephedrine is due to?

Answer 8

Substitution of the alpha carbon

Question 9

Post-synaptic activation of alpha-1 receptor will lead to?

Answer 9

Nasal Decongestion

Question 10

Beta-2 receptor activation will lead to?

Answer 10

Glycogenolysis

Question 11

A adrenergic agonist which can dilate splanchnic and renal vasculature and can increase contraction and peripheral vascular resistance?

Answer 11

Dopamine

Question 12

Methlydopa is selective for?

Answer 12

Alpha-2

Question 13

Beta-2 adrenergic receptor agonists are useful in?

Answer 13

Pre-term labor

Question 14

Bradycardia observed in norepinephrine can be explained by?

Answer 14

Baroreceptor reflex

Question 15

An adolescent brought to the emergency room presenting with aggressive behavior, tremor, anxiety, paranoid state, hypertension and tachycardia was diagnosed to have metamphetamine abuse. What is the action ampetamine?

Answer 15

It deplaces norepinephrine from vesicles

Question 16

What is the side effect of post-synaptic alpha receptor blockade?

Answer 16

Orthostatic hypotension

Question 17

What is the reason behind the avoidance of beta blockers in diabetes?

Answer 17

Beta blockers may mask symptoms of hypoglycemia

Question 18

What enzyme metabolizes metoprolol?

Answer 18

Cytochrom P450 2D6 (CYP2D6)

Question 19

Beta blockers are contraindicated in what condition?

Answer 19

Asthma

Question 20

What beta-1 selective blocker has a half life of 10 to 15 minutes?

Answer 20

Esmolol

Question 21

What drug is a non-selective beta blocker?

Answer 21

Propanolol

Question 22

What drug is both a non-selective beta and alpha blocker?

Answer 22

Carvedilol

Question 23

What drug is a non-selective beta blocker with partial agonist activity?

Answer 23

Pindolol

Question 24

What is the mechanism of action of indirect adrenergic agonists?

Answer 24

Blocks MAO

Question 25

Adrenoreceptor coupled to G_q-protein and especially found in smooth muscles?

Answer 25

Alpha-1

Question 26

What is structure-activity relationship?

Answer 26

Increase in alkyl substitution in amino group will increase beta receptor activity Decrease substitution in benzene ring will decrease potency Substitution in alpha carbon prolongs drug activity

Question 27

What is the endocrine effect of beta-1 receptor activation?

Answer 27

Stimulation of renin release

Question 28

What is the effect of low dose dopamine in patients with septic shock?

Answer 28

Increase renal blood flow

Question 29

Alpha-2 receptor activation will lead to?

Answer 29

Vasoconstirction Bronchodilation Decrease in insulin and renin release

Question 30

Alpha-1 blockers are beneficial in?

Answer 30

Urinary retention

Question 31

What is an adverse effect of adrenoreceptor blocker?

Answer 31

Severe bradycardia

Question 32

What is the mechanism of action of reserpine?

Answer 32

Inhibits VMAT

Question 33

Additional effect of some beta blockers like labetalol and pirdolol which can prevent untoward effects like asthma and bradycardia is due to?

Answer 33

Partial agonist effect

Question 34

What drug is an alpha 1=alpha 2; beta 1\>\> beta 2?

Answer 34

Phenylephrine

Question 35

What drug is an alpha 1=alpha 2; beta 1=beta 2?

Answer 35

Epinephrine

Question 36

What drug is a beta 1\>beta 2\>\>\>\>alpha?

Answer 36

Terbutalin

Question 37

What drug is a beta 2\>\>beta 1\>\>\>alpha?

Answer 37

Dobutamine

Question 38

What drug is used in diarrhea among diabetic with autonomic neuropathy?

Answer 38

Clonidine

Question 39

What drug is used in anaphylactic shock?

Answer 39

Epinephrine

Question 40

What drug is a long acting selective beta blocker?

Answer 40

Atenolol

Question 41

What drug is a selective alpha-1 antagonist?

Answer 41

Prazosin

Question 42

What drug is an alpha receptor irreversible antagonist?

Answer 42

Phenoxybenzamine

Question 43

What adrenoreceptor inhibits adenyl cyclse causing a decrease in cAMP?

Answer 43

Alpha-2

Question 44

A patient rushed to the emergency room for anaphylactic shock was given IM epinephrine. Resulting vasoconstriction is mediated by which adrenoreceptor?

Answer 44

Alpha-1

Question 45

What adrenoreceptor has this order of potency: isoproterenol\>epinephrine\>\>norepinephrine?

Answer 45

Beta-1

Question 46

A 63 year old male presenting with both hypertension and urinary obstruction secondary to benign prostatic hypertrophy will benefit from what drug?

Answer 46

Prazosin

Question 47

A patient diagnosed to have pheochromocytoma was started in a non-selective alpha antagonist. An example of which is?

Answer 47

Phentolamine Phenoxybenzamine

Question 48

Post-synaptic activation of alpa-1 receptors will lead to what cellular effects?

Answer 48

Increased IP₃ and DAG

Question 49

What drug depends on the normal stores of catecholamines for its sympathomimetic action?

Answer 49

Amphetamine

Question 50

Which drug will decrease heart rate in a normal heart but has little or no effect in a denervated heart?

Answer 50

Phenylephrine

Question 51

What are the metabolic effects of beta blockers?

Answer 51

Increased VLDL and decreased HDL with chronic use

Question 52

Beta adrenoreceptor antagonist are used clinically in?

Answer 52

Portal hypertension Glaucoma Chronic heart failure

Question 53

What adrenoreceptors are found on juxtaglomerular cells?

Answer 53

Beta-1

Question 54

What are sympathomimetic effects in the CNS?

Answer 54

Elevation of mood Euphoria Psychosis

Question 55

What beta-1 selective blocker with partial agonist activity will minimize or prevent asthma and bradycardia?

Answer 55

Acetabulol Cartelol Labetalol Pindolol