Adrenal - pathways only!! Flashcards
What two end products can be made from 17-hydroxyprogesterone?
cortisol
androstenedione
What does 21B hydroxylase do in the zona glomerulosa only?
progesterone —-> 11-deoxycorticosterone
Synthesis of ____ and _____ is under pituitary ACTH control.
Synthesis of _______ is regulated by ACTH and the renin-angiotensin system
Synthesis of CORTISOL and ADRENAL ANDROGENS is under pituitary ACTH control.
Synthesis of ALDOSTERONE is regulated by ACTH and the renin-angiotensin system
Fill in the blank
pregnenolone —> ___________ —> 11-deoxycorticosterone (11-DOC)
progesterone
Fill in the blank
cholesterol —-> ____________ —> progesterone
pregnenolone
Cathecholamines are produced in the ______
adrenal medulla
What converts 17-hydroxyprogesterone to 11-deoxycortisol
which zone?
21-B hydroxylase
zona fasiculata only
What converts dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) to androstendione?
Which zone?
3B- hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase
zona reticularis only
What converts pregnenolone to progesterone?
What part of the cell?
3B hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase
sER
What two things does 17,20 lyase enzyme do?
Which zone(s) can you find the enzyme?
17-hydroxypregnenolone —> dehydroepiandroserone
17-hydroxyprogesterone –> androstenedione
zona reticularis ONLY
How is cholesterol transferred from the mitochondria to the inner mitochondrial membrane
StaR (steroidgenic acute regulatory protein)
What converts 11-deoxycortisol to cortisol
Which zone?
11-B hydroxylase
zona fasiculata only
Fill in the blank
progesterone —-> ________ —> 11-deoxycortisol
17-hydroxyprogesterone
The adrenal medulla is under the control of the:
sympathetic nervous system
What converts 11-deoxycorticosterone to corticosterone?
Which zone?
Which part of the cell?
11-B-hydroxylase
zona glomerulosa and zona fasiculata
mitochondria
What converts progesterone to 11-deoxycorticosterone
Which zone?
Which part of the cell?
21B hydroxylase
zona glomerulosa and zona fasiculata
sER
Fill in the blank
11-deoxycorticosterone —> ___________ —> aldosterone
corticosterone
Fill in the blank
17-hydroxyprogesterone —> __________ —> cortisol
11-deoxycortisol
What converts corticosterone to aldosterone?
Which zone?
Which part of the cell?
aldosterone synthase
zona glomerulosa ONLY
mitochondria
Aldosterone is produced in the zona ________
glomerulosa
All steroids of the adrenal cortex have 21 carbons except for _____ and _____, which have 19 carbons
androstendione
DHEA
(both in the zona reticularis)
What stimulates the enzyme desmolase to convert cholesterol to pregnenolone
ACTH
What converts 17-hydroxyprogesterone to androstenedione?
Which zone?
17,20 lyase
zona reticularis only
What converts 17-hydroxypregnenolone to dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)
Which zone?
17,20 lyase
zona reticularis only
What enzyme is missing from the zona fasiculata to make aldosterone?
What enzyme is missing from the zona fasiculata to make androstenedione?
aldosterone synthase
17,20 lyase
What converts progesterone to 17-hydroxyprogesterone?
Which zone?
17-a-hydroxylase
zona fasiculata, zona reticularis
Fill in the blank
17-hydroxypregnenolone —> __________ —> androstenedione
dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)
or
17-hydroxyprogesterone
What two things can progesterone be converted into?
11-deoxycorticosterone
17-hydroxyprogesterone
What two things does 21B hydroxylase enzyme do?
Which zone(s) can you find the enzyme?
progesterone —> 11-deoxycorticosterone
17-hydroxyprogesterone —> 11-deoxycortisol
zona glomerulosa and zona fasiculata
Adrenal androgens (DHEAs) are produced in the zona ________
reticularis
Why can pregnenolone only be converted to progesterone (and not 17-hydroxypregnenolone) in the zona glomerulosa
zona glomerulosa does not contain 17-a-hydroxylase
Cortisol is produced in the zona ________
fasciculata
What is the rate limiting step of adrenal steroid synthesis?
What is it dependent on?
cholesterol converted to pergnenoline by desmolase
dependent on: StaR (steroidgenic acute regulatory protein)
Fill in the blank
progesterone —-> ____________ —> corticosterone
11-deoxycorticosterone
Why are steroids synthesized in certain layers of the cortex of the adrenal gland?
based on the presence or absence of enzymes within the different layers of the cortex
Mobilization of cholesterol is first mediated by: (3 things)
- ACTH
- ANG 2 receptor
- K+ channels
What converts progesterone to 17-hydroxyprogesterone?
Which zone?
17-a hydroxylase
zona fasiculata + zona reticularis
What converts 17-hydroxypregnenolone to 17-hydroxyprogesterone?
Which zone?
3B-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase
zona fasiculata and zona reticularis
Fill in the blank
pregnenolone —> _________ —> 17-hydroxyprogesterone
progesterone
AND
17-hydroxyprenenolone
What three things does 3B-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase enzyme do?
Which zone(s) can you find the enzyme?
pregnenolone —> progesterone
17-hydroxypregnenolone —> 17-hydroxyprogesterone
dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) —> androstenedione
ALL THREE ZONES
What two things does 11B hydroxylase enzyme do?
Which zone(s) can you find the enzyme?
11-deoxycorticosterone —> corticosterone
11-deoxycortisol —> cortisol
zona glomerulosa and zona fasiculata
Enzyme that converts
cholesterol ——> pregnenolone
desmolase
