adrenal glands Flashcards
what are the 2 parts of adrenal glands
adrenal cortex and adrenal medulla
loc of adrenal gland
caps on top of kidneys
what does the adrenal medulla secrete
adrenaline
other names : epinephrine or noradrenaline
what is the role of adrenalline
it is a fight or flight hormone which prepares body to meet emergency situations by providing extra energy or strength.
it causes stimulation of sympathetic nervous system
what is the stimuli to the adrenal medulla
nerve endings of autonomic nervous system
chief func. of adrenaline
> increases heart rate and blood pressure
increases blood supply to the muscles and decreases it to skin and visceral organs
more glucose is released into blood
secretion of adrenal cortex
cortisone
there are other seceretion but this is main
name the 3 corticol hormones
mineralocorticoids
glucocorticoids
sex corticoids
scientific names of all 3 = aldosterone, cortisol, adrenal androgen
mineralocorticoids func
regulates mineral metabolism (specially na and k ions)
glucocorticolids function
regulates carbohydrates fats and protien metabolism
sex corticoids function
they are both male and female homrmones in both sexes. overgrowth in children leads to premature sexual maturity
the condition where women grow beard. state its cause
adrenal virililism caused due to overgrowth of adrenal cortex in a mature women
if overgrowth occurs in mature male ir can develop feminine features such as enlargment of breasts
what does hyposeceretion of cortisone cause
addisions diseas
loss of energy skin pigmentation and weight hypoglycimia increased suspectibility to infections
what does hyperseceretion of cortison cause
cushiongs syndrome
obesity hyperglycimia weakness salt and water retention
general func of cortical hormones
increases blood sugar concentration
influences fat and protien metabolism
regulates salt and water balance in body
adapts the body to stresses such as extreme heat or cold
