Adolescent Pearls Flashcards
Adolescence is from what age?
10-19 years old
Early: 10-13 years old
Middle: 14-16 years old
Late: 17-19 years old
Is the biologic transition from childhood to adulthood
Puberty
Describes the progression of the development of secondary sex characteritics
Sexual maturity rating
Tanner stages
First sign of puberty in FEMALES?
> Thelarche
- appearance of breast buds
- hallmark of SMR 2
- between 7-12 years old
First sign of puberty in MALES?
> testicular enlargement
- hallmark of SMR 2
- beginning as early as 9.5 years
Sexual development in males
> testicular enlargement - SMR 2 - 9.5 year
pubarche
peak height velocity
penile growth - SMR 3
- peak growth - testis volume 9-10 cm3 - SMR 4
When is sperm found in urine and nocturnal emissions occur?
SMR 3
When is breast tissue growth noted in males?
SMR 2-4
- presumed consequence of a relative excess of estrogenic stimulation
Sexual Development in FEMALES?
> thelarche; SMR 2; 7-12 years old > pubarche - follows thelarche within 6 months > peak height velocity > physiologic leukorrhea > menarche
Menstrual cycles
- Early - anovulatory and irregular
- typically occur 21-45 days; 3-7 days bleeding
Peak height velocity
Boys - 13.5 years
Girls - 11.5 years
Peak height velocity in girls
- 8-9 cm/year at SMR 2-3
- 6 months before menarche
Peak height velocity in males
- 9-10 cm/year at SMR 3-4
- continue linear growth for approximately 2-3 years after females have stopped growing
How to compute for mid parental height?
When to refer to other subspecialties?
- early menarche (before 9 years old) or late menarche (by 15 years old)
- short stature
- no breast development by 13 years old or no menarche by 13 years old
Tanner Staging in FEMALES - Stage 1
Breast: prepubertal
Areola and papilla: areola conforms to general chest line
Pubic hair: prepubertal
Tanner Staging in FEMALES - Stage 2
Breast: BREASTBUD
Areola and papilla: areola widens
Pubic hair: small amount of long slightly pigmented, DOWNY HAIR ALONG THE BASE OF LABIA MAJORA
Tanner Staging in FEMALES - Stage 3
Breast: larger and more elevated
Areola and papilla: remains in contour with the breast
Pubic hair: moderate, curly, pigmented, COARSER and extending more laterally, TRIANGULAR FORM
Tanner Staging in FEMALES - Stage 4
Breast: larger and more elevated
Areola and papilla: form a mound PROJECTING FROM THE BREAST
Pubic hair: resembles adult but DOES NOT EXTEND TO MEDIAL SURFACE OF THIGHS
Tanner Staging in FEMALES - Stage 5
Breast: adult
Areola and papilla: areola amd breast in same plane, with papilla projecting above areola
Pubic hair: adult EXTENDING TO MEDIAL SURFACE OF THIGHS
Menarche
- 2 years after breast budding
- begins within 3rd year of thelarche
- SMR 3-4
When is completion of puberty?
- 4 years
- range: 1.5 to 8 years
Tanner Staging in MALES - Stage 1
Preadolescent
Tanner Staging in MALES - Stage 2
Testes volume: 1.6-6 mL
Scrotum: reddened, thinner, larger
Phallus: no change
Pubic hair: small amount, slightly pigmented, DOWNY hair ALONG THE BASE OF SCROTUM AND PHALLUS
