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Adolescent Medicine > Adolescent Pearls > Flashcards

Adolescent Pearls Flashcards

1
Q

Adolescence is from what age?

A

10-19 years old

Early: 10-13 years old
Middle: 14-16 years old
Late: 17-19 years old

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2
Q

Is the biologic transition from childhood to adulthood

A

Puberty

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3
Q

Describes the progression of the development of secondary sex characteritics

A

Sexual maturity rating

Tanner stages

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4
Q

First sign of puberty in FEMALES?

A

> Thelarche

  • appearance of breast buds
  • hallmark of SMR 2
  • between 7-12 years old
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5
Q

First sign of puberty in MALES?

A

> testicular enlargement

  • hallmark of SMR 2
  • beginning as early as 9.5 years
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6
Q

Sexual development in males

A

> testicular enlargement - SMR 2 - 9.5 year
pubarche
peak height velocity
penile growth - SMR 3
- peak growth - testis volume 9-10 cm3 - SMR 4

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7
Q

When is sperm found in urine and nocturnal emissions occur?

A

SMR 3

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8
Q

When is breast tissue growth noted in males?

A

SMR 2-4

- presumed consequence of a relative excess of estrogenic stimulation

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9
Q

Sexual Development in FEMALES?

A 
> thelarche; SMR 2; 7-12 years old 
> pubarche - follows thelarche within 6 months
> peak height velocity
> physiologic leukorrhea
> menarche
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10
Q

Menstrual cycles

A
  • Early - anovulatory and irregular

- typically occur 21-45 days; 3-7 days bleeding

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11
Q

Peak height velocity

A

Boys - 13.5 years

Girls - 11.5 years

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12
Q

Peak height velocity in girls

A
  • 8-9 cm/year at SMR 2-3

- 6 months before menarche

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13
Q

Peak height velocity in males

A
  • 9-10 cm/year at SMR 3-4

- continue linear growth for approximately 2-3 years after females have stopped growing

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14
Q

How to compute for mid parental height?

A
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15
Q

When to refer to other subspecialties?

A
  • early menarche (before 9 years old) or late menarche (by 15 years old)
  • short stature
  • no breast development by 13 years old or no menarche by 13 years old
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16
Q

Tanner Staging in FEMALES - Stage 1

A

Breast: prepubertal

Areola and papilla: areola conforms to general chest line

Pubic hair: prepubertal

17
Q

Tanner Staging in FEMALES - Stage 2

A

Breast: BREASTBUD

Areola and papilla: areola widens

Pubic hair: small amount of long slightly pigmented, DOWNY HAIR ALONG THE BASE OF LABIA MAJORA

18
Q

Tanner Staging in FEMALES - Stage 3

A

Breast: larger and more elevated

Areola and papilla: remains in contour with the breast

Pubic hair: moderate, curly, pigmented, COARSER and extending more laterally, TRIANGULAR FORM

19
Q

Tanner Staging in FEMALES - Stage 4

A

Breast: larger and more elevated

Areola and papilla: form a mound PROJECTING FROM THE BREAST

Pubic hair: resembles adult but DOES NOT EXTEND TO MEDIAL SURFACE OF THIGHS

20
Q

Tanner Staging in FEMALES - Stage 5

A

Breast: adult

Areola and papilla: areola amd breast in same plane, with papilla projecting above areola

Pubic hair: adult EXTENDING TO MEDIAL SURFACE OF THIGHS

21
Q

Menarche

A
  • 2 years after breast budding
  • begins within 3rd year of thelarche
  • SMR 3-4
22
Q

When is completion of puberty?

A
  • 4 years

- range: 1.5 to 8 years

23
Q

Tanner Staging in MALES - Stage 1

A

Preadolescent

24
Q

Tanner Staging in MALES - Stage 2

A

Testes volume: 1.6-6 mL

Scrotum: reddened, thinner, larger

Phallus: no change

Pubic hair: small amount, slightly pigmented, DOWNY hair ALONG THE BASE OF SCROTUM AND PHALLUS

25
Q

Tanner Staging in MALES - Stage 3

A

Testes volume: 6-12 ml

Scrotum: greater enlargement

Phallus: increased length

Pubic hair: moderate amount, CURLY, pigmented and COARSER, EXTENDING LATERALLY TO THE PUBIS

26
Q

Tanner Staging in MALES - Stage 4

A

Testes volume: 12-20 ml

Scrotum: FURTHER greater enlargement, DARKENING

Phallus: increased length and CIRCUMFERENCE

Pubic hair: adult type but DOES NOT EXTEND TO MEDIAL SURFACE OF THE THIGHS

27
Q

Tanner Staging in MALES - Stage 5

A

Testes volume: > 20 ml

Scrotum: adult

Phallus: adult

Pubic hair: adult type but EXTENDS TO MEDIAL SURFACE OF THE THIGHS

Adolescent Medicine (3 decks)

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