Adolescent health Flashcards
According to WHO which age group are adolescents?
Ages 10-19
What happens biologically, socioeconomically, psychologically to adolescents?
Biological: Onset of puberty to adulthood
Socioeconomic: Movement towards independence
Psychological: Development of identity and complex reasoning
What happens to the brain mid 20s to age 25?
Prefrontal Cortex (decision making) is fully developed
What drives risk taking behaviour in adolescents? (3)
Social affiliations outside family become more important – susceptible to peer pressure.
Exploring boundaries, independence
Looking for social acceptance and have increased sensitivity to rewards
Prefrontal Cortex reconciles internal emotional states with external reality demands
Mention 3 barriers to care that adolescents have.
Thought of as healthy
Poor health facility attendance
Restrictive laws or policies
Feeling invincible
What is the leading cause of death in adolescents?
Road traffic injuries
Why is adolescent pregnancy dangerous?
High risk of pre-eclampsia, preterm labor, multiple gestations, low birth weight, STI, post partum depression
What can sexual, physical and emotional violence lead to?
- Higher use of alcohol
- Suicidal ideation
- Higher levels of STIs
- Mental distress
Define resilience in adolescents.
The process of overcoming/recovering quickly from difficulties, and avoiding negative trajectories
What does HEADSSS stand for in adolescent consultation?
H: Home
E: Education, employment
A: Accidents, ambition, activities, abuse
D: Drugs
S(x3): Sexuality, Suicide, Safety
How do you address sexual assault and rape?
Emergency contraception if within 5 days depending on type
PEP if within 72 hours
STI testing and treatment
Pregnancy test
Emotional counseling
Ensuring safety
Medication for the relief of pain, anxiety or insomnia
Follow-up testing and counselling
