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FOP/TAS > Adolescent Health > Flashcards

Adolescent Health Flashcards

1
Q

Criteria for hosp assessment in anorexia

A
  • rapid weight loss
  • BMI < 15
  • bradycardic HR <40
  • prolonged QTc > 450
  • electrolytes Na <130 or K < 3
  • postural hypotension
  • SUSS < 2
  • core body temp < 35
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2
Q

Cortisol in anorexia

A

High

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3
Q

Thyroid function in anorexia

A

low or normal T4

low T3

normal TSH

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4
Q

LH and FSH in anorexia

A

Low

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5
Q

GH in anorexia

A

Raised

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6
Q

GnRH in anorexia

A

Low

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7
Q

Last areas of the brain to mature

A

Superior temporal cortex & dorsal prefrontal cortex

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8
Q

Subcortical grey or white matter is involved in decision making?

A

Grey matter

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9
Q

What is the nucleus accumbens

A

Area of the brain associated with reward, gratification, motivation and fortification of behaviours

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10
Q

Major excitatory neurotransmitter

A

Glutamate

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11
Q

Major inhibitory neurotransmitter

A

GABA

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12
Q

Secondary syphilis symptoms

A

painless rash on palms and soles

viral type illness

swollen lymph nodes

white patches in mouth

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13
Q

Ix for syphilis

A

DARK field micropscpy

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14
Q

Rx syphilis

A

IM benpen

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15
Q

Rx gonorrhoea

A
  1. IM ceftriazone or cefixime
  2. azithromycin
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16
Q

What drugs is gonorrhoea highly resistant to

A

tetracyclines
penicillins
quinolones

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17
Q

IX chlamydia

A

NAAT testing

Female - vulvovaginal swab
Male - first catch urine

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18
Q

Rx chlamydia

A

Doxycycline or single dose azithromycin

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19
Q

Organism causing BV

A

Gardnerella vaginalis

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20
Q

How does metronidazole work in BV

A

inhibits bacterial nucleic acid synthesis by disrupting DNA

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21
Q

normal vaginal flora

A

gardnerella vaginalis
haemophilus influenzae

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22
Q

Rx scabies

A

Permethrin - topical insecticide

23
Q

Rx public lice

A

malathion

24
Q

What type of virus is HSV

A

double stranded DNA

25
Q

Most common route of transmission for HIV

A

unprotected anal or vaginal sex with an infected individual

26
Q

Ix of a neonate with possible HIV

A

HIV RNA PCR or DNA PCR

Check at 24-48h, then 6w, then 3-4 months of age

27
Q

Ix of a child with possible HIV

A

HIV antibodies

28
Q

What constitutes a positive HIV diagnosis in a child

A

HIV antibodies are +ve after 18m in a child born to an infected mother

HIV antibodies are +Ve at any age in a child born to an infected mother

29
Q

Rx of an infant born to an HIV +ve mother

A

Start ART ideally within 12h but within 72h

Low risk - zidovudine for 4w

High risk - combination ART zidovudine/lamivudine/nevirapine

30
Q

Rx of an HIV +ve child

A

start combination ART

2x NRTI + INI (or) NNRTI (or) PI

31
Q

NRTIs

A

zidovudine
lamivudine
tenofovir
abacavir
emtricitabine

32
Q

NNRTIs

A

nevirapine
etravirine
efavirenz
rilpivirine

33
Q

PIs

A

atazanavir
darunavir
fosamprenavir
ritonavir
indinavir

34
Q

INIs

A

raltegravir
dolutegravir
elvitegravir

35
Q

S/E of efavirenz

A

new onset psychiatric symps

36
Q

S/E of tenofovir

A

GI upset

37
Q

S/E of emtricitabine

A

rash and darkening of palms or soles

38
Q

S/E of lamivudine

A

insomnia

39
Q

S/E of rilpivirine

A

depression (more common if prev MH problems)

40
Q

F/U for HIV patients

A

CD4 count and HIV Viral load every 3-6 months

41
Q

Transmission of Hep A

A

faecal oral

42
Q

What type of virus is Hep A

A

RNA virus

43
Q

Hep A antibodies and what they mean

A

Anti HAV IgM
- suggests recent infection
- persists for 4-6m

Anti HAV IgG
- persists lifelong
- confers protection

44
Q

Most Hep A becomes chronic T or F

A

False

Most cases self-resolve and don’t require Rx

45
Q

What type of virus is Hep B

A

DNA virus

46
Q

Transmission of Hep B

A

vertical or by blood or blood products

47
Q

Hepatitis B surface Antigen (HbsAg)

A

detected in acute or chronic infection

48
Q

Hepatitis B core antibody (anti-HbC)

A

appears at the onset of symptoms
persists for life
indicates previous or ongoing infection

49
Q

Hepatitis B e Antigen (HBeAg)

A

indicates replication and high levels of the virus

50
Q

Hepatitis B e antibody (HBeAb or Anti-HBe)

A

Seroconversion and spontaneous clearance

51
Q

Hepatitis B surface antibody (anti-HBs)

A

recovery and immunity
successful vaccination

52
Q

Most Hep B becomes chronic T or F

A

False

Most acute cases self resolve and dont require treatment

53
Q

When is treatment for Hep B indicated

A

Evidence of compensated liver disease AND raised ALT/fibrosis

54
Q

Most Hep C becomes chronic T or F

A

True

80% develop chronic infection

FOP/TAS (25 decks)

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