Adolescence: Physical and Cogntive Development

Question 1

Physical Transition

Answer 1

Gender differences
GH/TH increase
Estrogen (F>M) & Androgens (M>F)

Question 2

Pubertal Changes
2 Broad Types

1. Overall Body Growth

Answer 2

First visible sign of puberty- growth spurt
Females more fat than muscle 8-16 years
Males 10-17.5 years
Body Proportions
- boys have short torsos, longer limbs.
- Torso: boys have stalkier shoulders, see more growth in lower area (hips)

Question 3

Pubertal Changes
2 Broad Types

2. Maturation of Sex Characteristics

Answer 3

Menarche - 10-17 years
Nature’s Delays
- Females: (body should be physically prepared to carry an organism before moving through) not capable of producing a viable ovum.
3-4 years in length

Question 4

Pubertal Changes
2 Broad Types

2. Maturation of Sex Characteristics
   - Onset of Maturation

Answer 4

Female
- role of heredity
environmental 
- Delay: intense physical training, stress
- Initiate: obesity or increase SES

Question 5

Pubertal Changes
2 Broad Types

2. Maturation of Sex Characteristics
   - Physiology of the F.R.S

Answer 5

Egg number is constant
ATRESIA- destructive egg loss
Puberty to menopause
Oogenesis “beginning of an egg”

Question 6

Pubertal Changes
2 Broad Types

2. Maturation of Sex Characteristics
   - Sexual Maturation (MALES)

Answer 6

1. Enlargement of Testes
2. Spermarche
   - nature’s delay: production of sperm is initially immature, much quicker
   - Hair, voices changes
   Spermiogenesis: becomes a sperm with 3 regions
   - Head: all genetic material and sex chromosomes
   - Mid-Piece: metabolic info.
   - Tail: locomotion (get to an egg)

Question 7

Overall MALE and FEMALE sex characteristics

Answer 7

Similarities: meiosis
Difference:
- production: males produce more for longer
- results

Question 8

Hypthetico-Deductive Reasoning

Answer 8

General Theory -> Deduce -> Hypothesis

Question 9

Proving H-D-R

Answer 9

Piaget’s Pendulum Problem
Concrete VS. Formal Operational
Scientific Reasoning

Question 10

Propositional Thought

Answer 10

Either-or VS And statements

Question 11

Abstract Thought (3)
1. Argumentativeness

Answer 11

Reflection of immature transition, misuse of abstract thought
- Natural but want to focus on principals (opportunity for us to mature)

Question 12

Abstract Thought (3)
2. Self-consciousness and Self-focusing

Answer 12

Social Norms 2 distorted views
1. imaginary Audience
2. Personal Fable
- over-confidence and value and importance
- engage and hold and argument.
Leads to risk taking

Question 13

Abstract Thought (3)
3. Idealism & Criticism

Answer 13

Create Utopic world for themselves (adults don’t understand this world)
Something is always better somewhere else

Question 14

Adolescence

Answer 14

Tumultuous time period bringing about any learning experiences for both parent and child.