Adolescence-Late Adulthood Flashcards
1
Q
T/F/ Adolescence experience storm-and-stress. If false what do adolescence experience
A
F. Adolescence are actually positive toward their families, and they felt the ability to cope with stress
2
Q
The brain-neuroendocrine process occurring primarily in ear adolescence that provides stimulation for the rapid physical changes that take place during development
A
puberty
3
Q
What are the male characteristics that change during adolescence(in order)?
A
- ejaculation
- appearance of kinky pubic hair
- onset of max growth in height and weight
- armpit hair growth
- voice change
- facial hair
4
Q
What are the female characteristics that change during adolescence (in order)?
A
- breasts enlarge or pubic hair appears
- hair in armpits
- growth in weight, height, and hips
5
Q
What is the term referred to as a girl’s first period?
A
menarche
6
Q
Compared to boys when does a girl’s growth spurt occur?
A
approx. 2 years earlier
7
Q
What is the mean age for growth spurt boys? girls?
A
boys: 11
girls: 9
8
Q
What is the peak rate of pubertal for girls? boys?
A
girls: 11.5 years
boys: 13.5 years
9
Q
Which factors activate or suppress the hormonal system?
A
stress, eating patterns, exercise, sexual activity, tension, and depression
10
Q
T/F. Since the mid-19th century, the average menarche has declined significantly.
A
true
11
Q
What experiences are linked to earlier pubertal experiences?
A
low SES urban env adoption father absence family conflict maternal harshness child maltreatment substance abuse
12
Q
During which phase of adolescence is body image is a teen most preoccupied?
A
early adolescence
13
Q
T/F. Adolescents who mature earlier or later than their peers perceive themselves differently
A
true
14
Q
Compare late-maturing and early-maturing boys
A
early-maturing boys perceived themselves more positively and had more successful peer relationships. In their 30s, late-maturing had more stronger sense of self
15
Q
Why would a late-maturing have a stronger sense of self than early-maturing boys?
A
late-maturing boys had more time to explore life’s options or because early-maturing boys focused on their advantageous physical status instead of career development and achievement
16
Q
Is more advantageous to be a late-maturing or early-maturing boy?
A
it is advantageous to be an early-maturing boy than late-maturing boy
17
Q
Do early-maturing or late-maturing girls have greater satisfaction with their figures?
A
early-maturing girls
18
Q
what occurs to the corpus callosum during adolescence?
A
it become thicker
19
Q
As of 2011, what percentage of 12th graders have had sex?
A
63%
20
Q
As of 2011 are 12th grade boys or girls having more sex?
A
girls
21
Q
In one single act of unportected sex what is the chance a girl will contract HIV? gonorrhea? genital herpes?
A
1% HIV, 50% gonorrhea and 30% genital herpes
22
Q
What are the 3 leading causes of death in adolescence in order?
A
- unintentional injuries
- homicide
- suicide
23
Q
What is the leading activity involving unintentional injuries?
A
motor vehicle accidents
24
Q
What percentage of adolescent deaths in vehicle accidents is from drinking?
A
50 % BAC is level 0.10%
25
T/F More adolescence are drinking more than ever now
False, this rate has actually declined
26
T/F Marijuana has increased in adolescents
T
27
An eating disorder that involves the rentless pursuit pursuit of thinness through starvation
anorexia nervosa
28
When does anorexia develop in adolescence?
typically begins early to middle adolescent years often following an episode of dieting and some type of life stress
29
An eating disorder in which the individual consistently follows a binge-and-purge pattern?
bulimia nervosa
30
When does bulimia nervosa develop in adolescence?
late adolescence or early adulthood
31
Which Piagetian phase begins around 7?
formal operational
32
What is the formal operational stage main concept?
abstract thinking and reasoning
33
Hypothetical- deductive reasoning
involves creating a hypothesis and deducing its implications
34
Adolescent egocentrism
heightened self-consciousness
35
imaginary audience
adolescents' belief that others are as interested in them as they themselves are
36
personal fable
part of adolescent egocentrism involving a sense of uniqueness and invincibility
37
What is the most important cognitive change in adolescence?
improvement in executive function
38
Explain the top-dog phenomenon
moving from the oldest, biggest, and most powerful student elementary school to the youngest, smallest, and least powerful in middle school same into high school
39
Why does self-esteem decline in adolescent females?
girls' negative body image and greater interest in social relationships and society's failure to reward that interest
40
Narcissim
self-centered and self-concerned approach toward others
41
What is the fifth developmental stage according to Erikson?
identity vs identity confusion
42
The term Erikson gave for the gap between childhood security and adult autonomy
psychosocial moratorium
43
The period identity development during which the individual is exploring alternatives?
crisis
44
Personal investment in identity
commitment
45
The status of individuals who have undergone a crisis and made a commitment
identity achievement
46
The status of individuals who have made a commitment but not experienced a crisis
identity foreclosure
47
The status of individuals who have not yet experienced a crisis or commitment
identity diffusion
48
The status of individuals who are in the midst of a crisis but whose commitment are either absent or are only vaguely defined
identity moratorium
49
During which developmental period are key changes in identity most likely to occur?
emerging adulthood
50
An enduring aspect of the self that includes a sense of membership in an ethnic group
ethnic identity
51
What does parental monitoring include?
social settings, activities, friends, and academic efforts
52
Compare the old and new model emphasizes of the parent-adolescent relationship
the old model emphasized that parents-adolescent conflict is intense and stressful while the new model suggests that in most families parent-adolescent conflict is moderate rather than severe and that everyday negotiations and minor disputes are normal but also can have a positive influence during this developmental period
53
T/F. Teenagers prefer to have more friends and less intense friendships than those of young children
FALSE, teenagers typically prefer to have a smaller number of friendships that are more intense and intimate than those of young children
54
T/F. If adolescents fail to develop such close friendships, they experience loneliness and reduced sense of self-worth
true
55
What is the difference between a crowd and a clique?
a crowd are larger than cliques, a crowd are usually members of a crowd based on reputation and they may or may not spend much time together. cliques are small groups that range from 2-12 individuals (~6) clique members are usually of the same sex and about the same age
56
What are the 3 states of developmental changes in dating and romantic relationships?
1. entry into romantic attractions and affiliations about 11-13
2. exploring romantic relationships at approx 14-16
57
A ceremony or ritual that marks an individuals's transition from one status to another
rite of passage
58
T/F. Delinquency is less exclusively a phenomenon of lower SES that it was in the past
true
59
By what % of females have a rate of depression that is TWICE that of males?
15%
60
Why are females more than males more likely to have depression?
females tend to ruminate on their depressed mood and amplify it, self-image (body image) are more negative, puberty
61
Suicide maybe rare in childhood, but during which developmental does it escalate? increase?
escalates in adolescence and increases further in adulthood
62
Which gender is more like to attempt to suicide? succeed?
females are more likely to attempt and males are more likely to succeed
63
What are the 4 problems that affect most adolescents?``
1. drug abuse
2. juvenile delinquency
3. sexual problems
4. school-related problems
64
What is the difference between life expectancy and life span?
life expectancy is the number of years that the average person born in a particular year will die and life span is is the maximum number of years an individuals can live
65
What is the life span one can live?
120-125 years
66
What is the life expectancy in the US?
78.7 years
67
What is the cause of the increase in life expectancy?
health and the reduction in infant deaths in recent decades
68
Which gender outlives the other?
Women live longer than men
69
What factors are associated with reasons why women live longer than men?
social factors: health attitudes, lifestyles, and occupation
70
What are men more likely than women to die most from?
cancer of the respiratory system, motor vehicle accidents, cirrhosis, emphysema, and coronary heart disease
71
T/F. Women have more resistance to infections and degenerative diseases
true
72
Hardening of the arteries
Arteriosclerosis
73
Which factors are associated with long life in centenarians?
longevity genes and the ability to cope with stress, not being obese, habitual smoking is rare, thinking skills
74
Give the age range for young-old and oldest-old
young-old: 65-84
| oldest: 85 and older
75
What is the longest span of any period of human development?
50-60
76
Compared to the oldest-old, young-old are..?
have a substantial potential for physical and cognitive fitness, higher levels of emotional well-being and more effective strategies for mastering the gains and losses of old age
77
Which gender comprises most of the oldest-old?
women, majority are widowed and not institutionalized
78
Which theory of aging suggests that natural selection has not not eliminated many harmful conditions and nonadaptive characteristics in older adults such as Alzheimer disease?
evolutionary theory of aging
79
Which theory of aging states that people age because when cells metabolize energy, the by-products include unstable oxygen molecules?
free-radical theory
80
Which theory of aging suggests hat aging in the body's hormonal system can lower resistance to stress and increase the likelihood of disease?
hormonal stress theory
81
Which theory of aging suggests that cells can divide a maximum of 75-80 times, and that as we age our cells become less capable of dividing?
cellular clock theory
82
Which theory of aging suggests that aging is due to the mitochondria?
mitochondrial theory
83
What is the percentage range a brain shrinks between the age of 20 and 90?
5-10%
84
In which 2 regions of the brain does brain volume decrease during aging?
hippocampus and frontal lobe
85
What is the older explanation that explains why brain volume decreases?
shrinkage of neurons, lower # of synapses, reduced length of axons
86
Which region of the brain experiences the most significant shrinkage during the aging process?
prefrontal cortex
87
Which region of the brain experiences the least amount of shrinking in the aging process?
parietal lobe: primary visual cortex, somatosensory cortex, and primary motor cortex
88
What is today's explanation that states why the brain shrinks during the aging process?
myelination and neural networks
89
Neurogenesis
the generation of new neurons
90
In which 2 regions of the human brain has neurogenesis taken place?
olfactory bulb and hippocampus
91
T/F. Using both hemispheres may improve the cognitive functioning of older adults.
true
92
What percentage of adults complain of having difficulty sleeping?
50%
93
What is the average hours of sleep that is linked to longer telomere length?
7 hours
94
What are the 2 most noticeable changes in the aging process?
wrinkles and age spots
95
at what age does weight usually drop? cause?
60 years old, the cause is due to muscle loss giving the body a "sagging" look
96
What changes in visual acuity occur in late adulthood?
1. visual processing speed declines
2. night driving is especially difficult
3. dark adaptations is slower
4. visual field becomes smaller
97
What is the affect of yellowing of the eyes?
color vision may decline
98
A thickening of the lends of the eye that causes vision to become cloudy, opaque, and distorted?
cataracts
99
Involves deterioration of the macula of the retina
macular degeneration
100
T/F. Smoking does not contribute to macular degeneration
False. Smoking DOES contribute to macular degeneration
101
Involves damage to the optic nerve because of the pressure by a buildup of fluid in the eye
glaucoma
102
What is the leading cause of blindness in adults?
macular degeneration
103
Can older adults detect touch less in the lower or upper extremities?
lower extremities
104
T/F Cardiovascular diseases increase in late adulthood
true
105
Which type of hypertension is more common in the elderly?
resistant hypertension
106
T/F. Sexuality is not lifelong
false, sexuality is lifelong
107
Fill in the blanks. Orgasms becomes less frequent in ____ with age, occurring in every ____ to ___ attempt rather than every time.
males, second, third
108
What is used to treated erectile dysfunction?
testosterone replacement therapy
109
What is the challenge for a sexually interested older woman?
not having a partner
110
What is the most common chronic disorder in late adulthood?
arthritis
111
What is the second most common chronic disorder in late adulthood?
hypertension
112
What is the leading cause of death of those in late adulthood?
cardiovascular disease
113
An inflammation of the joints accompanied by pain, stiffness, and movement problems
arthritis
114
What is osteoporosis linked to?
deficiencies in CA2+, vitamin D, and estrogen and lack of exercise
115
What is the leading cause of injury deaths among adults 65 years and older?
falls
116
What is known as the "invisible epidemic" of those in late adulthood?
substance abuse
117
What problem is often related to loneliness, loss of a spouse, or a disabling condition?
late-onset alcoholism
118
T/F Researchers have especially found that moderate drinking of red wine is linked to better health and increased longevity
true
119
Which 3 aspects of nutrition are especially important in older adults?
1. getting adequate nutrition
2. avoiding overweight and obesity
3. the role of caloric restriction in improving health and extending life
120
Which group of vitamins help to slow the aging process and improve the health of older adults?
antioxidants
121
the "hardware" of the mind that consists of speed and accuracy of the processes involved i sensory input, attention, visual and motor memory, discrimination, comparison, and categorization
cognitive mechanics
122
the "software" of the mind that includes reading and writing skills, language comprehension, educational qualifications, and professional skills
cognitive pragmatics
123
which type of intelligence is associated with cognitive pragmatics? cognitive mechanics?
crystallized intelligence is associated with cognitive pragmatics and fluid intelligence is associated with cognitive mechanics
124
what are the 2 factors that causes decline in processing speed in older adults?
the CNS and declination in brain functioning
125
Focusing on a specific aspect of experience that is relevant while ignoring others that are irrelevant
selective attention
126
Involves concentrating on more than one activity at the same time
divided attention
127
Type of attention that is focused and extended engagement with an object, task, event, or some other aspect of the environment
sustained attention
128
This type of attention involves planning of actions, allocating attention to goals, detecting and compensating for errors, monitoring progress on tasks, and dealing with novel or difficult circumstances?
executive attention
129
Which type of attention is also referred to as vigilance?
sustained attention
130
Explicit memory
memory of facts and experiences that individuals consciously know and can state
131
Episodic memory
the retention of information about the where and when of life's happenings
132
Implicit memory
memory without conscious recollection, involving skill and routine procedures that are automatically performed
133
Which type of memory is often referred to as declarative memory?
explicit memory
134
Semantic memory
a person's knowledge about the world, including a person's field of expertise
135
What are 2 important cognitive resources?
working memory and perceptual speed
136
Does working increase or decrease during late adulthood?
decreases
137
____ shows considerable decline in late adulthood and is strongly linked with declines in working memory
perceptual speed
138
The ability to remember where one learned something
source memory
139
Involves remembering to do something in the future, such as remembering to take meds or running an errand
prospective memory
140
Which types of memories declines in late adulthood?
explicit, episodic and working memory
141
What are 2 ways aspects of working memory especially declines in older adults?
1. updating memory representations that relevant for the task at hand
2. replacing old, no longer relevant information
142
Not only is executive function involved in cognitive performance but also in what?
emotion regulation
143
In what conditions do older adults perform better with making decisions?
no time pressures, decisions are meaningful to them and no involvement of high risks
144
Expert knowledge about the practical aspects of life that permits excellent judgment about important matters
wisdom
145
What is main window for wisdom to emerge?
late adolescence to early adulthood
146
T/F High levels of wisdom are not rare
false, high levels of wisdom is rare
147
What are 3 important influences on the cognitive functioning?
1. health
2. education
3. work
148
Which concept emphasizes changed in cognitive functioning may be linked to distance from death or cognition-related pathology than to distance from birth?
terminal decline
149
Explain "use it or lose it"
changes in cognitive patterns that result in disuse and consequent atrophy
150
What are 2 key conclusions regarding older adults training their cognitive skills?
1. training can improve the cognitive skills of many older adults
2. there is some loss plasticity in late adulthood
151
Age-related declines in the prefrontal cortex are associated with declines in?
1. working memory
2. episodic memory
3. complex reasoning tasks
152
T/F. Older adults are more likely than younger adults to use both hemispheres of the brain to compensate for aging declines in attention, memory, and language
true
153
What are the 2 most common language-related complaints in older adults?
1. retrieving words
| 2. understanding spoken language
154
Explain the speech of older adults
speech is typically lower in volume, slower, less precisely articulated, and less fluent
155
T/F. Vocabulary of individuals often continues to increase most of the adult years at least until late adulthood
true
156
What is the best predictors of job performance in older adults?
cognitive ability
157
Which policy is responsible for benefits to older workers when they retire?
social security system
158
What is the average retirement age for men? women?
men: 64
women: 62
159
T/R/ Retirement is an event
false, it is a prcoess
160
What are the characteristics of a person who is better at adjusting to retirement?
1. healthy
2. adequate income
3. active
4. better educated
5. extended social networks
6. satisfied with life
161
What are the 2 main worries as people approach retirement?
1. drawing retirement income from savings
| 2. paying for health care expenses
162
A mood disorder in which the individual is deeply unhappy, demoralized, self-derogatory, and bored
major depression
163
At what age is older women more depressed? men?
older women are more depressed at 50-60 years old while men are more depressed from 60-80
164
The global term for an neurological disorder in which the primary symptoms involve deterioration of any mental fxning
dementia
165
What is the form of dementia that is a progressive, irreversible brain disorder that is characterized by a gradual deterioration of memory, reasoning, language, and physical fxn.
Alzheimer Disease
166
Which gender is more likely to develop Alzheimer? Why?
women are more likely than men because they live longer than men
167
What is the cause of Alzheimer Disease?
deficiency in ACH
168
What occurs as Alzheimer progresses?
the brain shrinks and deteriorates
169
What term represents a potential transitional state between the cognitive changes of normal aging and very early stages of Alzheimer disease and other dementias.
MCI- Mild cognitive impairment
170
Services that provide temporary relief for those who are caring for individuals with disabilities, illness or the elderly
respite care
171
A chronic, progressive disease characterized by muscle tremors, slowing of movement, and partial facial paralysis
parkinson disease
172
What triggers Parkinson disease?
degeneration of dopamine-producing neurons in the brain
173
Compared to younger adults, what types of crimes are older adults more likely to commit?
older adults are more likely to commit serious offenses such as bank robbery
174
What is the final stage according to Erikson?
integrity vs despair
175
What is meant by integrity vs despair?
reflecting on the past and either piecing together a positive review or concluding that one's life has not been spent well
176
What type of therapy is related to having a higher sense of integrity?
reminiscence therapy
177
Which theory states that the more active and involved older adults are, the more likely that are to be satisfied with their lives?
activity theory
178
Which theory states that older adults become more selective about their social networks
socioemotional selectivity theory
179
What does the socioemotional selectivity theory challenge?
the stereotype that the majority of older adults are in emotional despair because of their social isolation
180
What are the 2 classes of goals in the socioemotional selectivity theory?
1. knowledge-related
| 2. emotional
181
Selective optimization with compensation theory
states that successful aging depends on 3 main factors:
1. selection
2. optimization
3. compensation
182
Of the Selective optimization with compensation theory which of the factors is based on the concept that older adults have a reduced capacity and loss of fxning, which require a reduction in peformance in most life domains
selection
183
Of the Selective optimization with compensation theory which concept becomes relevant when life tasks require a level of capacity beyond the current level of the older adult's performance potential
compensation
184
of the Selective optimization with compensation theory suggests that it is possible to maintain performance in some areas through continued practice and the use of new technologies
optimization
185
Which of the 5 personality traits of the Big Five, continued to increase in late adulthood?
conscientiousness
186
What are the factors that result in declination of self-esteem in older adults?
1, being widowed
2. institutionalized
3. physically impaired
4. low religious values
187
What is meant by the term possible selves?
what individuals might become and what they are afraid to become
188
Which group of older adults are most likely to be living in poverty?
oldest-old
189
What age range is emerging adulthood?
18-25
190
What are the 5 key features characterized by emerging adulthood?
1. identity exploration
2. instability
3. self-focused
4. feeling in-between
5. the age of possibilitits
191
In the US, what is the most widely recognized marker of entry into adulthood?
holding a permanent full time job
192
T/F. Today's college students experience more stress and depression than students in previous generations?
true
193
What age range do we usually reach peak of our physical performance?
19-26 before 30
194
A behavior pattern characterized by an overwhelming involvement with a drug and a preoccupation with securing its supply
addiction
195
T/F/ Binge drinking has increased over time
false, binge drinking has declined
196
T/F One in nine individuals who drink will become an alcoholic
true
197
What is the average age of marriage in the US for males and females?
males: 28
females: 26
198
What is postformal thought?
thinking that is reflective, relativistic, provisional, and influenced by emotions
199
When does creativity peak occur?
forties
200
Since women in the U.S. took jobs outside the home in what 3 ways has responsibility for work and family?
1. U.S. men are taking increased responsibility for maintaining the home
2. U.S. women are takin increased responsibility for breadwinning
3. U.S. men are showing greater interest in their families and parenting
201
T/F Links between early and late attachment styles were heightened by stressful and disruptive experience such as the death of a parent
false, links between early and late attachment styles were lessened by stressful and disruptive experience
202
What are the 3 attachment styles in earl adulthood?
1. secure attachment style
2. avoidant attachment style
3. anxious attachment style
203
Which attachment style describes individuals are hesitant about getting involved in romantic relationships and once they are in relationship distance themselves from their partner?
avoidant attachment style
204
Which attachment style describes these individuals demand closeness, are less trusting, and are more emotional, jealous, and possessive?
anxious attachment style
205
Which attachment style describes individuals that have positive views of relationships , find it easy to get close to other?
secure attachment style
206
Consensual validation
explains why individuals are attached to people who are similar to them
207
Which traits do women prefer in men?
1. considerateness
2. honesty
3. dependability
4. understanding
5. earning prospects
208
What do men prefer in women?
1. good looks
2. cooking skills
3. frugality
209
Matching hypothesis
states that although we may prefer more attractive person in the abstract, in the real world we end up choosing someone who is close to our own level of attractiveness
210
What is the most common thread in romantic, affectionate and consummate love?
intimacy
211
According to Erikson, what stage do early adults enter?
intimacy vs isolation
212
Compared to men what type of friendships do women have?
women have more close friends and their friendships involves more self-disclosure and exchange of mutual support
213
What are the 3 types of love described in the book?
1. romantic
2. affectionate
3. consummate
214
Which type of love predominates the early part of a love relationship?
romantic love
215
What is another name for affectionate love?
companionate love
216
Describe romantic love
strong components of sexuality and infatuation, including emotions like feat, anger, sexual desire, joy, and jealousy
217
Describe consummate love
passion, intimacy, and commitment
218
Describe affectionate
intimacy and low commitment and lacking passion, type of love that occurs when someone desires to have another person near and has a deep, caring affection
219
What are 3 reasons people cohabit?
spending time together, sharing expenses, and evaluating compatibility
220
What are the 2 factors that predict whether marriage will last longer?
education and ethnicity
221
What is the average duration of a marriage in the US?
just over 9 years
222
During which years does divorce usually occur?
5-10 year
223
Which gender remarries faster after a divorce?
men
224
T/F. Men with lower incomes are more likely to remarry than men with higher income
false, men with higher incomes are more likely to remarry than men with lower incomes
225
According to Gottman, what are the 7 ways to make marriage work?
1. establish love maps
2. nurture fondness and admiration
3. turn towards each other instead of away
4. let your partner influence you
5. solve solvable conflicts
6. overcome gridlock
7. create shared meaning
226
What are the 2 types of problems in a marriage?
1. perpetual
| 2. solvable
227
What are 2 aspects of a successful marriage?
1. forgiveness
| 2. commitment
228
What is the age range of middle adulthood?
40 to 45-60 to 62 years old
229
What are the signs that begin between 40s-50s?
1. skin begins to sag and wrinkle
2. age spots
3. hair become thinner
4. fingernails and toenails develop rigidity and become thicker
230
What happens to weight and height during middle adulthood?
lost in height and weight gain
231
The term for age-related muscle mass and strength occurs specifically in back and legs
sarcopenia
232
What is the bad and good cholesterol?
HDL is the good cholesterol and LDL is the bad cholesterol
233
What is the most common chronic disorder in middle adulthood?
arthritis
234
T/F. Chronic stress can interfere with immune functioning and this stress is linked to disease not only through the immune system but also through cardiovascular disease
true
235
What was the leading cause of death of middle adults until the middle of the 20th century?
infectious diseases
236
Today, what are the leading causes of death in middle adults?
chronic diseases
237
What is the term that is used to describe the midlife transition in which fertility declines?
climacteric
238
What is the average age a women experiences menopause?
51
239
What is the term given for the transitional period from normal menstrual period to no menstrual periods at all?
perimenopause
240
What is the term given for men whose body does not produce enough testosterone?
male hypogonadism
241
What is erectile dysfunction associated with? (6)
1. smoking
2. diabetes
3. hypertension
4. high cholesterol levels
5. obesity
6. lack of exercise
242
What is the difference between fluid and crystallized intelligence?
Fluid intelligence is the ability to reason abstractly, and crystallized intelligence is an accumulation of information and verbal skills
243
Between fluid and crystallized intelligence which increases and decline during middle adulthood?
crystallized intelligence increases while fluid intelligence declines
244
What are the 3 most distinct human qualities?
1. spirituality
2. freedom
3. responsibility
245
What are the 4 main needs for meaningful life?
1. purpose
2. values
3. sense of efficacy
4. self-worth
246
According to Erikson what stage do those in middle age go through?
generativity vs stagnation
247
According to Levinson what 4 stages do males undergo throughout life?
1. being young vs old
2. destructive vs constructive
3. masculine vs feminine
4. attachment vs isolation
248
T/F For most people midlife IS a crisis
false, midlife is not a crisis
249
Which type of approach influences the individual's development that depends not only on the life itself but also on mediating factors?
contemporary life-events
250
What is the most common hassel middle adults experience?
concerns about weight
251
What is the most common daily uplift in middle adulthood?
relating with spouse or lover
252
What do those in middle adulthood feel less control over?
sex and their children
253
What type of pattern do men undergo when they are feeling stressed? Women?
Men usually undergo the fight-or-flight response while women tend-and-befriend
254
What are the Big 5 factors of personality?
1. Openness to experience
2. conscientiousness
3. extraversion
5. agreeableness
6. neuroticism
255
What are the 3 types of grandparents?
1. formal
2. fun-seeking
3. distant
