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PSYDEVE > ADOLESCENCE > Flashcards

ADOLESCENCE Flashcards

1
Q

what is adolescence?

A

a period of rapid physical, emotional, cognitive and social change

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2
Q

what is sensation-seeking in adolescence?

A

heightened desire to experience increased levels of arousal

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3
Q

what activities does sensation-seeking involve?

A

decision-making, risk-taking, and exploration

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4
Q

formal operations is under whose theory?

A

Piaget’s developmental theory

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5
Q

what happens in formal operations?

A

shift to abstract, idealistic, and complex thinking

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6
Q

```

what does formal operational thinking involve?

A

abstract thought, hypothetico-deductive reasoning, systematic problem solving, and metacogntition

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7
Q

what is adolescent egocentrism?

A

teenagers’ belief that others are concernced with them as they are themselves

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8
Q

what does adolescent egocentrism involve?

A

imaginary audience and personal fable

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9
Q

what is the most significant change in adolescence?

A

improve executive function

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10
Q

what does information processing involve?

A

cognitive control (attention and cognitive flexibility), decision-making, critical thinking

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11
Q

what do you call the process where the nervous system and endocrine system interact to initiate rapid physical changes?

A

puberty

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12
Q

first menstruation

A

menarche

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13
Q

what are hormones?

A

powerful chemical substances carried by bloodstream

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14
Q

what happense to hormones during adolescence?

A

concetrations increase dramatically

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15
Q

Hormone for boys and hormone for females

A

testosterone and estradiol

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16
Q

True or False

both testosterone and estradiol is present in both male and female puberty

A

true

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17
Q

what differentiates testosterone and estradiol during puberty

A

for females estradiol dominates, for males testosterone

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18
Q

what is the hormone-behavior link during puberty

A

behaviors such as stress, eating patterns, exercise, sexual activity, and tension affects hormones

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19
Q

what can cause puberty to begin earlier?

A

improved nutrition and health
or
high stress and conflict rates

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20
Q

during puberty one’s perception of body image

A

preoccupies adolescent minds especially during early adolescence

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21
Q

how does internet and social meida influence body image perception

A

more attention to physical appearance and more negative about own bodies

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22
Q

features of early maturing boys and why

A
  • more positive self perceptions and peer relations
  • because of heavier focus on advantageous physical status instead of career development and achievement
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23
Q

features of late maturing boys

A
  • stronger sense of identity in 30s
  • because more time to explore life options
  • more negative body image
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24
Q

features of early maturing girls

A
  • increased vulnerability to problems such as smoking, drinking, depression, eating disorders
  • higher levels of depression in adolescence
  • higher level of antisocial behavior in adulthood
25
Q

features in late maturing girls

A

greater satisfaction in later adulthood

26
Q

what part of the brain changes that symbolizes improved information processing during adolescence? how does it change?

A

corpus callosum thickens

27
Q

what part of the brain matures earlier than others symbollizing early maturation of emotions?

A

limbic system

28
Q

neurotransmitter involved in risk taking and reward seeking

A

dopamine

29
Q

during adolescence what are the effects of increasing connections across brain areas?

A

greater efficieny and focal activation, increased brain networks

30
Q

what does it mean if brain networks are reduced?

A

it is linked with depression

31
Q

part of brain

why can’t adolescents handle their heightened emotions during puberty?

A

because the prefrontal cortex is not as developed

32
Q

what activity demonstrates abstract thinking of formal operational stage?

A
  • verval problem-solving (logically inferring if a = b and b = c then a = c)
  • thing about thought
33
Q

what is hypothetical-deductive reasoning?

A

problem solving like through trial and error, devising plans and systematically testing solutions

34
Q

w

what is imaginary audience?

A

believe they are on stage

35
Q

what is personal fable?

A

sense of uniqueness or invulnerability

36
Q
A
37
Q

social media and egocentrism

A
  • raises levels of imaginary audience
  • higher level of narcissism
38
Q
A
39
Q

what does executive function involve?

A

goal-directed behavior, self-control, cognitive control, decision-making and critical thinking

40
Q

what does cognitive control involves?

A
  • controlling attention
  • reducing interfering thoughts
  • cognitively flexible (alternative options and adaptation)
41
Q

what is the psychosocial moratorium?

A

gap between childhood security and adult autonomy for exploration and experimentation

42
Q

what stage in Erik Erikson’s theory of development is involved with adolescence?

A

identity vs role confusion

42
Q

James Marcia’s identity statuses is based on the extent of what?

A

crisis and comittment

43
Q

what is crisis?

A

period of identity development exploring alternatives

44
Q

what is commitment?

A

peresonal investment and involvment in identity

45
Q

identify identity status

undecided and likely uninterested in choices and decisions

A

identity diffusion

46
Q

identify identity status

sense of having had a little to no choice in their identity

A

identity foreclosure

47
Q

identify identity status

midst of exploration and discovery

A

identity moratorium

48
Q

identify identity status

explored, discovered and established identity

A

identity achievement

49
Q

identify identity status

no crisis or commitment

A

identity diffusion

50
Q

identify identity status

no crisis has commitment

A

identity foreclosure

51
Q

identify identity status

has crisis no commitment

A

identity moratorium

52
Q

identify identity status

has crisis and commitment

A

identity achievement

53
Q

what is a narrative identity?

A

stories constructed aabout themselves to define who they are

54
Q

what happens to parent-child relationship during adolescence?

A

renegotiation due to desire for autonomy through distal monitoring

55
Q

during adolescence peer relationships involve?

A
  • a need for intimacy
  • frienships (develomental advantages, quality over quantity, and homophily)
  • deviant peer contagion
  • crowds and cliques
56
Q

during adolescence dating involves?

A
  • contribution to identity development and emerging sexuality
57
Q

give 5

risk factors of deviant behavior

A

gender, family environment, SES, education, deviant peers

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