administration & pharm-kinetics

Question 1

what are some considerations for oral administration

Answer 1

Many antipsychotics require a low dose with monitoring upon initiation of a new drug.

carefully monitored for side effects.

The drug is slowly titrated up over a period of time until therapeutic effects are reached.

Do not allow clients to crush or chew sustained release capsules – this will speed up the absorption and may cause toxicity.

All antipsychotics should be titrated down over a 6- 8 week period

Question 2

discontinuation syndrome

Answer 2

when you stop taking antidepressants suddenly, to avoid this, titrate slowly to avoid it, it can happen with oral and short acting injectable

Question 3

signs and symptoms of abrupt discontinuation associated with oral meds or short acting injection

Answer 3

Anxiety
Insomnia
Gastritis
Nausea and vomiting
Dizziness

Dystonia
Dyskinesia
Paresthesia
Tremulousness
Rebound psychosis

Question 4

depot advantages

Answer 4

1. The drug bypasses gastrointestinal absorption
2. No first- pass metabolism effect
3. Lower rates of relapse

Question 5

disadvantages of depot

Answer 5

1. Need to be administered deep into muscle tissue
2. Can irritate the skin and cause pain at the injection site
3. Hold the risk of severe and long long-lasting side effects if not screened properly

Question 6

some things to note about depot meds

Answer 6

people need to try oral before depot to monitor for side effects and pain is more common in children and youth

Question 7

what should you note about SAI and Depot

Answer 7

the meds often differ so you need to read them carefully. You can tell the difference by
- label
- dosage
- thickness- depot is thicker than regular IM

Question 8

oral absoprtion and distribution

Answer 8

absorbed through gastrointestinal tract and highly lipophilic ( stored in fat tissues)

Question 9

IM absorption and distributed

Answer 9

absorbed from the injection site and distributed for up to 6 months after drug has been stopped

Question 10

oral metabolism and excretion

Answer 10

anti psychs are metabolized in the liver and excreted in urine and bile

Question 11

IM metabolism and excretion

Answer 11

IM enters bloodstream directly and do not experience a “ first pass” through liver and excreted across the placenta and enter breast milk