Administration and Management of the pharmacy

Question 1

what is FOCUS-PDCA used for? what does it stand for?

Answer 1

used to improve quality and reduce errors for continuous quality improvement

Question 2

orange book - what is it

Answer 2

approved drug topics with therapeutic equivalence evaluations (generic drugs)

Question 3

red book - also called? what is it?

Answer 3

pharmacy’s fundamental reference - drug pricing

Question 4

united states pharmacopeial convention’s pharmacopeia (USP) - what is it? (3) when was it made a legal standard?

Answer 4

standards of strength, purity, and quality of drugs
1907

Question 5

drug classes are grouped by

Answer 5

chemical structure

Question 6

what are indications of a drug

Answer 6

purpose of the drug

Question 7

what is the most common tertiary source?

Answer 7

package inserts

Question 8

what are tertiary sources
secondary sources
primary sources

Answer 8

3 = general sources like textbooks, database, review articles
2 = publications that require subscriptions
1 = publications in original form (ex peer reviews) accessed by pharmacists and clinical research experts

Question 9

What is OSHA? what do they do? what are standards set for PTs (9)

Answer 9

occupational safety and health administration - establishes safety regulations & training

Question 10

What does MSDS stand for? What is it? What do the symbols stand for?

Answer 10

material safety data sheet - an inventory list of hazardous materials found in pharmacy setting

Question 11

a ____ must be established to keeping and maintaining MSDS. What is included? (5)

Answer 11

hazard communication plan

-identification and location of the hazard
-location MSDS & hazard-related info
-how to read chemical labels/hazard signs
-PPE use and location
-management of spills/decontamination procedure

Question 12

what does the bloodborne pathogens standard do?

Answer 12

reduce HIV/hepatitis cases

Question 13

what is the exposure control plan

Answer 13

outlines how pharmacy handle exposure to blood, bodily fluids, other infectious agents

Question 14

exposure controls defined by OSHA include engineering and work practice controls. what are they?

Answer 14

engineering - devices such as eyewash stations, needleless systems biohazard symbols, etc
work - universal precautions, disinfection procedures, handling of spills

Question 15

what does universal precautions include? (8)

Answer 15

aseptic technique/handwashing
use of PPE
barrier precautions
standards for handling sharps
spill clean up
equipment disinfection
disposal biohazards
housekeeping

Question 16

what are the cytotoxic disposal guidelines? (10)

Answer 16

-waste indicated by a C with cytotoxic underneath
-leak-proof container
-lids remain closed
-automatic locks for bins
-storage area also secured
-sharps disposed in sharps container
-waste incinerated between 800 and 1200C
-diposal spill kit ready at all times
-those transporting cytotoxic waste must be trained
-separated from biohazardous waste

Question 17

what are some (3) workplace controls to keep cytotoxic waste off?

Answer 17

skin surfaces covereed by tucking cuff into glove
safety glasses
chemotherapy respiratory masks

Question 18

READ

in case of spills, PT should

Answer 18

Question 19

what is a ergonomic hazard

Answer 19

hazard due to workplace design & computer use

Question 20

what is ALARA? what are its 3 major factors?

Answer 20

practice of keeping exposure to radioactive materials As Low As Reasonably Achieveable
time, distance, shields

Question 21

what does inventory management consist of? (5)

Answer 21

maintaining stock, inventory storage, repackaging, disposal, distribution

Question 22

what is a PAR level? what are some examples of systems that maintain PAR?

Answer 22

periodic automatic replenishment - consists o keeping track min and max level of drug to be available at all times

barcode tech, pareto ABC systems, just-in-time inventory system

Question 23

what are possible reasons of a recall? (5)

Answer 23

defective product, contaminations, incorrect labeling, FDA interference, improper production

Question 24

recalled drugs must be ___ (4)

Answer 24

pulled from shelves
documented
returned
notify manufacturer & FDA of compliance

Question 25

true or false

out of stock recalled products still have to fill out recall form

Answer 25

true

Question 26

if a recalled product has been dispensed to a patient, pharmacy must ___ (2)

Answer 26

contact patient, have them return in to the pharmacy

Question 27

what are the 3 recall levels?

Answer 27

class 1 - product can cause adverse events
class 2 - product can cause temporary health problems with a remote possibility of a adverse health event
class 3 - product not likely to cause adverse event but still violated FDA regulations

Question 28

when there is a minor product violation that does not require legal action, ___ must be enacted to correct the violation

Answer 28

FDA market withdrawls

Question 29

some reasons for drug shortages include (6)

Answer 29

natural disasters, lack of raw materials, manufacturing difficulties, regulatory issues, recalls, changes in formulation

Question 30

what are counterfeit drugs

Answer 30

any drug made by non-manufacturer by imitating the drug without permission

Question 31

what is a want book (3)

Answer 31

keeps tracks of drugs running low/run out, uncommon drugs not stocked, special orders

Question 32

what is special ordering for? (4)

Answer 32

specific drugs (investigational, controlled, cytotoxic, hazardous drugs)

Question 33

system of purchasing in which the pharmacy and wholesaler establish a relationship

Answer 33

prime vendor purchasing

Question 34

once received drugs are verified (quantity, NDC, order number), PT signs the ___

Answer 34

wholesaler’s recorded invoices

Question 35

what are some reasons to return drugs (5)

Answer 35

expired, recalled, unneeded, defective, damaged

Question 36

what should be on the return form for drugs (4)

Answer 36

purchase Number, item number, quantity, reason for return

Question 37

when stocking/sorting drugs

1. drugs are stocked by ___ name in pharmacies and ___ in hospitals
2. ___ (4) must be separated
3. drugs must be rotated: ___

Answer 37

pharmacies = brand; hospital = generic

separated based on the route of administration, controlled substance locked away, SALAD drugs separated cytotoxic in safety cabinet

rotated so old in front new in back

Question 38

pharmacies use stock bottles because
hospitals use blisters because

Answer 38

bottles because higher quantities of meds
blisters because prepare meds for individual patients

Question 39

Which pharmacy automation helps maintain an accurate accounting of controlled substances?

Answer 39

centralized narcotic dispensing and tracking devices

Question 40

the five rights for medication administration

Answer 40

: the right patient, the right drug, the right dose, the right route, and the right time.

Question 41

enforce laws and regulations under the Controlled Substances Act (CSA

Answer 41

.Department of Health and Human Services, DEA, FDA (not EPA)