Administration and Distribution Jan 6/10

Question 1

What are 2 points that a definition should include?

Answer 1

1. It should group together all the things that share a given relevant trait
2. It should set apart those things that do not share the trait

Question 2

What is a drug according to the literary definition?

Answer 2

• A substance that is used as a medicine

- An illegal and often harmful substance that people take for pleasure

Question 3

What are 2 problems with the literary definition of a drug?

Answer 3

1. Doesn’t define/describe the substance characteristics/function (defines the purpose)
2. Does not differentiate between medicine and drug

Question 4

What is the medical definition of a drug?

Answer 4

Narcotic: a chemical substance that dulls/diminishes sensitivity to pain

Question 5

What is the clinical definition of a drug?

Answer 5

A therapeutic agent- any substance other than food, used in the prevention, diagnosis, alleviation, treatment or cure of disease in man/animal

Question 6

What is wrong with the medical definition of a drug?

Answer 6

• No differentiation between cocaine vs tylenol
• doesn’t reference illicit or not
• The definition for narcotics is too inclusive- ice cubes are not narcotics!!

Question 7

What is wrong with the clinical definition of a drug?

Answer 7

No differentiation between illicit and recreational use

-way too inclusive

Question 8

How a drug gets into the body? Where does the drug need to get to? (Site of action)

Answer 8

Administration

Question 9

Different methods of administration will determine what 2 things?

Answer 9

1. How much

2. How quickly

Question 10

What are 3 potential factors to how effective a drug taken orally is?

Answer 10

1. Stomach contents-rapid, potent, acids in stomach
2. Drug form- liquid vs solids
3. Lipid solubility of drug

Question 11

3 pros of oral administration

Answer 11

1. Convenient
2. Least expensive
3. Safest

Question 12

3 cons of oral administration

Answer 12

1. Slow absorption
2. Delayed feedback
3. Variability of absorption

Question 13

What are 4 different ways of absorption?

Answer 13

1. Transdermal
2. Suppository
3. Insufflation
4. Sublingual

Question 14

As Hydration goes _____ absorption goes _____.

Answer 14

As hydration goes up, absorption goes up.

Question 15

1 pro of absorption

Answer 15

It’s rapid

Question 16

2 cons of absorption

Answer 16

1. Irritation

2. Variable absorption (hydration)

Question 17

What are potential factors of inhalation?

Answer 17

• Chronic Respiratory Disease

- Anoxia: lack of O2 in brain: think gas room

Question 18

What is really dangerous about inhalation?

Answer 18

Really dangerous for OD, because it gets to the bloodstream ASAP

Question 19

1 pro for inhalation

Answer 19

Extremely fast absorption

Question 20

3 cons for inhalation

Answer 20

1. Short lasting
2. Respiratory irritation/damage- potentially chronic
3. Risk of brain damage (anoxia)

Question 21

Term for Injection and 3 types

Answer 21

Parenteral

• subcutaneous
• intramuscular
• intravenous

Question 22

What is a subcutaneous injection?

Answer 22

An injection in between 2 layers of skin

Question 23

Pro of subcutaneous injection

Answer 23

Easiest of the injections

Question 24

2 cons of subcutaneous injections

Answer 24

1. slowest of the injections

2. skin irritation/deterioration (think diabetics)

Question 25

Pro of intramuscular injection

Answer 25

1. requires less dexterity

Question 26

2 cons of intramuscular injections

Answer 26

1. risk of piercing vein/infection

2. painful

Question 27

What is a potential factor of intravenous injections?

Answer 27

Collapsed veins

Question 28

3 pros of intravenous injections

Answer 28

1. fastest absorption
2. immediate effects
3. accurate dosages

Question 29

3 cons of intravenous injections

Answer 29

1. cannot be recalled/annulled
2. abrupt imbalance can be lethal
3. infectious disease transmission