Adjustment Disorder, MDD and Bipolar Disorder Flashcards
What is Adjustment Disorder
Adjustment Disorder is diagnosed when someone experiences significant distress and/or impairment in functioning; within three months in response to an identifiable stressor, typically resolving within six months after the stressor or its consequences have ended
How does Adjustment Disorder differentiate from other disorders?
Adjustment Disorder cannot be diagnosed alongside another psychiatric condition and is typically considered when the symptom criteria for other disorders are not fully met. It is directly related to an identifiable stressor. It may have some but not all symptoms of disorders such as depression, anxiety, trauma etc
What is Major Depressive Disorder?
Major Depressive Disorder is characterised by the presence of five or more symptoms over a two week period, including depressed mood or loss of interest/pleasure. Other symptoms include weight changes, insomnia or hypersomnia, psychomotor agitation or retardation, appetite changes, feelings of worthlessness, and fatigue
How does Depression differ from Bipolar Disorders
Major Depressive Disorder can be differentiated from both Bipolar Disorders by the fact that there is no episode of mania or hypomania which you would need to have with a Bipolar Disorder
How does Depression differ from ADHD?
While distractibility and low frustration tolerance can occur in both Major Depression and ADHD, the primary mood disturbance in depression is sadness and lost of interest, compared to irritability in ADHD
What is Mania?
Distinct periods of elevated, expansive, or irritable mood with increased activity for at least 1 week, with three or more manic symptoms causing noticeable behavioural change that are severe enough to cause marked impairment or necessitate hospitalisation, with or without psychotic features
What is Bipolar Disorder I?
Involves cycles of manic, depressive episodes, and sometimes hypomania. Each episode type has specific mood and behavioural criteria
What is Hypomania?
Hypomanic episodes are similar to mania episodes but lasts at least 4 days without severe impairment i.e. not severe enough for hospitalisation
What is Bipolar Disorder II?
Characterised by periods of hypomania followed by depressive episodes, without the full blown manic episodes seen in Bipolar I
What is the difference between Bipolar I and Bipolar II
Bipolar II is differentiated from Bipolar I by the absence of manic episodes, instead only having hypomanic and depressive episodes
