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Adjectives & Adverbs Flashcards

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1
Q

Regular Adjective forms

A
  • Every adjective must agree in number and gender with the noun it modifies.
  • Most adjectives add [-e] to the masculine form to form the feminine.
  • The final consonant sound is heard in the feminine form.
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2
Q

Américain (m)

Américaine (f)

A

American

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3
Q

Amusant (m)

Amusante (f)

A

Amusing

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4
Q

Anglais (m)

Anglaise (f)

A

English

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5
Q

Chaud (m)

Chaude (f)

A

Warm

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6
Q

Content (m)

Contente (f)

A

Happy, contented

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7
Q

Court (m)

Courte (f)

A

Short

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8
Q

Droit (m)

Droite (f)

A

Right, straight

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9
Q

Étonnant (m)

Étonnante (f)

A

Astonishing

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10
Q

Fort (m)

Forte (f)

A

Strong

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11
Q

Français (m)

Française (f)

A

French

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12
Q

Froid (m)

Froide (f)

A

Cold

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13
Q

Gris (m)

Grise (f)

A

Gray

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14
Q

Haut (m)

Haute (f)

A

High, tall

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15
Q

Humain (m)

Humaine (f)

A

Human

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16
Q

Intelligent (m)

Intelligente (f)

A

Intelligent

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17
Q

Intéressant (m)

Intéressante (f)

A

Interesting

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18
Q

Laid (m)

Laide (f)

A

Ugly

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19
Q

Lent (m)

Lente (f)

A

Slow

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20
Q

Lourd (m)

Lourde (f)

A

Heavy

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21
Q

Mauvais (m)

Mauvaise (f)

A

Bad

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22
Q

Méchant (m)

Méchante (f)

A

Bad, naughty

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23
Q

Parfait (m)

Parfaite (f)

A

Perfect

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24
Q

Petit (m)

Petite (f)

A

Small, little

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25
Q

Plein (m)

Pleine (f)

A

Full

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26
Q

Prochain (m)

Prochaine (f)

A

Next

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27
Q

Puissant (m)

Puissante (f)

A

Powerful

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28
Q

Sourd (m)

Sourde (f)

A

Deaf

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29
Q

Adjectives Ending in a Vowel, Pronounced Consonant or Mute [-e]

A
  • If an adjective ends in a Vowel or Pronounced consonant (r or l), the feminine is formed by adding [-e]
  • If an adjective ends in a mute -e, the oral and written forms are same for both masculine and the feminine forms.
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30
Q

Bleu (m)

Bleue(f)

A

Blue

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31
Q

Compliqué (m)

Compliquée (f)

A

Complicated

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32
Q

Désolé (m)

Désolée (f)

A

Sorry

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33
Q

Fatigué (m)

Fatiguée (f)

A

Tired

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34
Q

Gai (m)

Gaie (f)

A

Gay

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35
Q

Joli (m)

Jolie (f)

A

Pretty

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36
Q

Poli (m)

Polie (f)

A

Polite

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37
Q

Clair (m)

Claire (f)

A

Clear

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38
Q

Dur (m)

Dure (f)

A

Hard

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39
Q

Égal (m)

Égale (f)

A

Equal

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40
Q

Noir (m)

Noire (f)

A

Black

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41
Q

Sûr (m)

Sûre (f)

A

Sure

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42
Q

Agréable (m)

Agréable (f)

A

Nice, pleasant

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43
Q

Calme (m)

Calme (f)

A

Calm

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44
Q

Célèbre (m)

Célèbre (f)

A

Famous

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45
Q

Désagréable (m)

Désagreable (f)

A

Disagreeable, unpleasant

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46
Q

Difficile (m)

Difficile (f)

A

Difficult

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47
Q

Facile (m)

Facile (f)

A

Easy

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48
Q

Fantastique (m)

Fantastique (f)

A

Fantastic, wonderful

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49
Q

Formidable (m)

Formidable (f)

A

Fantastic, wonderful

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50
Q

Gauche (m)

Gauche (f)

A

Left

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51
Q

Honnête (m)

Honnête (f)

A

Honest

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52
Q

Jaune (m)

Jaune (f)

A

Yellow

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53
Q

Jeune (m)

Jeune (f)

A

Young

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54
Q

Large (m)

Large (f)

A

Wide

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55
Q

Libre (m)

Libre (f)

A

Free

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56
Q

Magnifique (m)

Magnifique (f)

A

Magnificent

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57
Q

Malade (m)

Malade (f)

A

Sick

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58
Q

Mince (m)

Mince (f)

A

Thin

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59
Q

Moderne (m)

Moderne (f)

A

Mordern

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60
Q

Nécessaire (m)

Nécessaire (m)

A

Necessary

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61
Q

Pauvre (m)

Pauvre (f)

A

Poor

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62
Q

Populaire (m)

Populaire (f)

A

Popular

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63
Q

Rapide (m)

Rapide (f)

A

Rapid

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64
Q

Riche (m)

Riche (f)

A

Rich

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65
Q

Sale (m)

Sale (f)

A

Dirty

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66
Q

Adjectives Ending In: -el, -eil, -il, -en, -on, -et, and -s

A

—-> Adjectives ending in -el, -eil, -il, -en, -on, -et, and some ending in -s double the final consonant before adding -e
—-> Some adjectives ending in -et change -et to ète to form the feminine.

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67
Q

Cruel (m)

Cruelle (f)

A

Cruel

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68
Q

Pareil (m)

Pareille (m)

A

Similar

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69
Q

Gentil (m)

Gentille (f)

A

Nice

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70
Q

Ancien (m)

Ancienne (f)

A

Ancient, old

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71
Q

Parisien (m)

Parisienne (f)

A

Parisian

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72
Q

Bon (m)

Bonne (f)

A

Good

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73
Q

Breton (m)

Bretonne (f)

A

Breton

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74
Q

Muet (m)

Muette (f)

A

Silent

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75
Q

Net (m)

Nette (f)

A

Clean

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76
Q

Bas (m)

Basse (f)

A

Low

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77
Q

Épais (m)

Épaisse (f)

A

Thick

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78
Q

Gras (m)

Grasse (f)

A

Greasy

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79
Q

Las (m)

Lasse (f)

A

Tired

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80
Q

Gros (m)

Grosse (f)

A

Big, fat

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81
Q

Nul (m)

Nulle (f)

A

No

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82
Q

Paysan (m)

Paysanne (f)

A

Peasant

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83
Q

Sot (m)

Sotte (f)

A

Stupid

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84
Q

Tel (m)

Telle (f)

A

Such a, so

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85
Q

Complet (m)

Complète (f)

A

Complete

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86
Q

Concret (m)

Concrète (f)

A

Concrete

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87
Q

Discret (m)

Discrète (f)

A

Discreet

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88
Q

Indiscret (m)

Indscrète (f)

A

Indiscreet

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89
Q

Inquiet (m)

Inquiète (f)

A

Worried

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90
Q

Secret (m)

Secrète (f)

A

Secret

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91
Q

Prêt (m)
Prête (f)

——————-> exception

A

Ready

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92
Q

Adjectives Ending In -er.

A
  • Adjectives ending in -er change -er to -ère to form the feminine
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93
Q

Amer (m)

Amère (f)

A

Bitter

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94
Q

Cher (m)

Chère (f)

A

Expensive, dear

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95
Q

Dernier (m)

Dernière (f)

A

Last

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96
Q

Entier (m)

Entière (f)

A

Entire

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97
Q

Étranger (m)

Étrangère (f)

A

Foreign

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98
Q

Fier (m)

Fière (f)

A

Pround

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99
Q

Léger (m)

Légère (f)

A

Light

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100
Q

Premier (m)

Première (f)

A

First

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101
Q

Adjectives Ending in -x

A
  • Most adjectives ending in -x change -x to -se to form the feminine
  • There are exceptions to some of the words such as: Doux, Foux, Roux.
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102
Q

Amoureux (m)

Amoureuse (f)

A

In love

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103
Q

Courageux (m)

Courageuse (f)

A

Courageous

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104
Q

Curieux (m)

Curieuse (f)

A

Curious

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105
Q

Ennuyeux (m)

Ennuyeuse (f)

A

Boring

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106
Q

Furieux (m)

Furieuse (f)

A

Furious

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107
Q

Heureux (m)

Heureuse (f)

A

Happy

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108
Q

Jaloux (m)

Jalouse (f)

A

Jealous

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109
Q

Merveilleux (m)

Merveilleuse (f)

A

Marvellous

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110
Q

Peureux (m)

Peureuse (f)

A

Fearful

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111
Q

Serieux (m)

Serieuse (f)

A

Serious

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112
Q

Doux (m)

Douce (f)

A

Sweet

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113
Q

Faux (m)

Fausse (f)

A

False

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114
Q

Roux (m)

Rousse (f)

A

Reddish brown

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115
Q

Adjectives Ending in -eur

A
  • Adjectives ending in -eur form the feminine by changing -eur to -dude if the adjective is derived from a verb. Otherwise the feminine ends in -rice
  • there are exceptions to some of words: antérieur, extérieur, inférieur, intérieur, majeur, Meilleur, mineur, postérieur, superieur.
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116
Q

Flatteur (m)

Flatteuse (f)

A

Flattering

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117
Q

Menteur (m)

Menteuse (f)

A

Lying

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118
Q

Moquer (m)

Moqueuse (f)

A

Mocking

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119
Q

Trompeur (m)

Trompeuse (f)

A

Deceitful, deceptive

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120
Q

Conservateur (m)

Conservatrice (f)

A

Conservative

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121
Q

Créateur (m)

Créatrice (f)

A

Creative

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122
Q

Protecteur (m)

Protectrice (f)

A

Protecting

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123
Q

Antérieur (m)

Antérieure (f)

A

Anterior

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124
Q

Extérieur (m)

Extérieure (f)

A

Exterior

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125
Q

Inférieur (m)

Inférieure (f)

A

Inferior

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126
Q

Intérieur (m)

Intérieure (f)

A

Interior

127
Q

Majeur (m)

Majeure (f)

A

Major

128
Q

Meilleur (m)

Meilleure (f)

A

Better, best

129
Q

Mineur (m)

Mineure (f)

A

Minor

130
Q

Postérieur (m)

Postérieure (f)

A

Posterior

131
Q

Supérieur (m)

Supérieure (f)

A

Superior

132
Q

Adjectives Ending in -f

A
  • Adjectives ending in -f in the masculine change -f to -ve to form the feminine
133
Q

Actif (m)

Active (f)

A

Active

134
Q

Attentif (m)

Attentive (f)

A

Attentive

135
Q

Bref (m)
Brève (f)

—-> note the grave accent

A

Brief

136
Q

Destructif (m)

Destructive (f)

A

Destructive

137
Q

Neuf (m)

Neuve (f)

A

New

138
Q

Sportif (m)

Sportive (f)

A

Athletic

139
Q

Vif (m)

Vive (f)

A

Alive, lively

140
Q

Adjectives Ending in -c

A
  • Adjectives ending in -c change -c to -che to form the feminine
  • There are exceptions to some of the words: grec, public
141
Q

Blanc (m)

Blanche (f)

A

White

142
Q

Franc (m)

Franche (f)

A

Frank

143
Q

Sec (m)
Séche (f)

——> Note the grave accent

A

Dry

144
Q

Grec (m)

Grecque (f)

A

Greek

145
Q

Public (m)

Publique (f)

A

Public

146
Q

Irregular Adjectives

A

Some adjectives are completely irregular in the feminine.

147
Q

Aigu (m)

Aiguë (f)

A

Sharp

148
Q

Ambigu (m)

Ambiguë (f)

A

Ambiguous

149
Q

Bénin (m)

Bénigue (f)

A

Benign

150
Q

Long (m)

Longue (f)

A

Long

151
Q

Favori (m)

Favorite (f)

A

Favourite

152
Q

Malin (m)

Maligne (f)

A

Sly

153
Q

Frais (m)

Fraîche (f)

A

Fresh

154
Q

The Adjectives:

beau, nouveau, vieux, fou, mou

A
  • The adjectives beau, nouveau, vieux have three forms. They have a special masculine singular form before words beginning with a vowel or silent h.
  • Two other adjectives that have special masculine singular forms: fou, mou.
155
Q

Beau (m) -. before a consonant
Bel (m) -. before a Vowel
Belle (f)

A

Beautiful, handsome

156
Q

Nouveau (m) - before a consonant
Nouvel (m) - beforehand Vowel
Nouvelle (f)

A

New

157
Q

Vieux (m) - before a consonant
Vieil (m) - before a Vowel
Vieille (f)

A

Old

158
Q

Fou (m) - before a consonant
Fol (m) - before a Vowel
Folle (f)

A

Crazy

159
Q

Mou (m) - before a consonant
Mol (m) - before a Vowel
Molle (f)

A

Soft

160
Q

Plural of adjectives of Regular Forms

A

Most adjectives form the plural by adding -s to the singular form

161
Q

Petit (s) - masculine
Petits (p) - masculine
Petite (s) - feminine
Petites (p) - feminine

A

Small

162
Q

Grand (s) - masculine
Grands (p) - masculine
Grande (s) - feminine
Grandes (p) - feminine

A

Tall

163
Q

Plural of Adjectives Ending in -s or -x

A
  • Adjectives ending in -s or -x are the same in the masculine singular and plural forms.
  • BUT their feminine differ
164
Q

Frais (s) - masculine
Frais (p) - masculine
Fraîche (s) - feminine
Fraîches (p) - feminine

A

Flesh

165
Q

Gros (s) - masculine
Gros (p) - masculine
Grosse (s) - feminine
Grosses (p) - feminine

A

Fat

166
Q

Heureux (s) - masculine
Heureux (p) - masculine
Heureuse (s) - feminine
Heureuses (p) - feminine

A

Happy

167
Q

Merveilleux (s) - masculine
Merveilleux (p) - masculine
Merveilleuse (s) - feminine
Merveilleuses (p) - feminine

A

Marvellous

168
Q

Plural of Adjectives Ending in -eu or -eau

A
  • Adjectives ending in -eu or -eau add -x to form the plural except adjective ‘bleu’ which adds -s instead of -x for masculine plural
  • BUT their feminine plurals are regular
169
Q

Hébreu (s) - masculine
Hébreux (p) - masculine
Hébreue (s) - feminine
Hébreues (p) - feminine

A

Hebrew, Jewish

170
Q

Beau (s) - masculine
Beaux (p) - masculine
Belle (s) - feminine
Belles (p) - feminine

A

Beautiful, handsome

171
Q

Nouveau (s) - masculine
Nouveaux (p) - masculine
Nouvelle (s) - feminine
Nouvelles (p) - feminine

A

New

172
Q

Bleu (s) - masculine
Bleus (p) - masculine (exception)
Bleue (s) - feminine
Bleues (p) - feminine

A

Blue

173
Q

Plural of Adjectives Ending in -al

A
  • Adjectives ending in -al change -al to -aux to form the masculine
  • There are exceptions to some of the words: banal, fatal, final, natal, naval which add -s to form plural
  • The feminine plural is regular
174
Q

Légal (s) - masculine
Légaux (p) - masculine
Légale (s) - feminine
Légales (p) - feminine

A

Legal

175
Q

Loyal (s) - masculine
Loyaux (p) - masculine
Loyale (s) - feminine
Loyales (p) - feminine

A

Loyal

176
Q

Médiéval (s) - masculine
Médiévaux (p) - masculine
Médiévale (s) - feminine
Médiévales (p) - feminine

A

Medieval

177
Q

Royal (s) - masculine
Royaux (p) - masculine
Royale (s) - feminine
Royales (p) - feminine

A

Royal

178
Q

Banal (s) - masculine
Banals (p) - masculine (exception)
Banale (s) - feminine
Banales (p) - feminine

A

Banal, common

179
Q

Fatal (s) - masculine
Fatals (p) - masculine (exception)
Fatale (s) - feminine
Fatales (p) - feminine

A

Fatal, deadly

180
Q

Final (s) - masculine
Finals (p) - masculine
Finale (s) - feminine
Finales (p) - feminine

A

Final, end, eventual

181
Q

Natal (s) - masculine
Natals (p) - masculine (exception)
Natale (s) - feminine
Natales (p) - feminine

A

Native

182
Q

Naval (s) - masculine
Navals (p) - masculine (exception)
Navale (s) - feminine
Navales (p) - feminine

A

Naval, shipbuilding, navy

183
Q

Agreement Problems of certain Adjectives

A

Certain adjectives placed before a noun are invariables and are attached to the noun by a hyphen

184
Q

Demi (adj)

A
  • it means “half”
  • it is invariable when placed before a noun
  • it is attached to the noun by a hyphen
    Eg:
    1) une Demi-heure - a half hour
    2) des demi-frères - half brothers
    But:
    Une heure et demie - one and one-half hour
185
Q

Mi (adj)

A
  • It means “mid”
  • it is invariable when placed before noun
  • it is attached to the noun by a hyphen
    Eg:
    1) la mi-Septembre. - (in) mid-September
    2) les yeux mi-clos. - half closed eyes
186
Q

Nu (adj)

A
  • it means “bare”
  • it is invariable when it precedes a noun without an article
  • it is attached to the noun by a hyphen
    Eg: nu-pieds - barefoot
    But: les pieds nus - bare feet
187
Q

Ci-joint and Ci-inclus (adjectives)

A
  • They both mean “enclosed/inclosed”
  • They are invariables when placed before the noun
    Eg:
    Vous trouverez ci-joint les documents que vous m’avez demandés
  • you will find attached the documents you requested
    But:
    Vous trouverez deux documents ci-joints.
  • you’ll find two documents attached.
188
Q

Haut and bas (adjectives)

A

Haut - means ‘up’
Bas - means ‘under’
- they are both invariable before an article and a noun

Eg:
Haut les mains! - Hands up!

189
Q

Gens (adj)

A
  • it means ‘people’
  • it is feminine when it precedes the noun and it is masculine when when it follows it
    Eg:
    1) les bonnes gens. - good people
    2) les gens âges. - old people
190
Q

Amour, délice, and orgue

A

Amour - love
Délice - delight
Orgue - organ

  • these are nouns
  • they are masculine in the singular but feminine in the plural
191
Q

Amour (noun)

A
  • it means ‘love’
  • it is masculine in the singular but feminine in the plural
    Eg:
    1) un amour joyeux. - a joyous love
    2) des amours joyeuses. - joyous loves
192
Q

Délice (noun)

A
  • it means ‘delight’
  • it is masculine in the singular but feminine in the plural
    Eg:
    1) un délice superbe. - a superb delight
    2) des délices Superbe. - superb delights
193
Q

Orgue (noun)

A
  • It means ‘organ’
  • it is masculine in the singular but feminine in the plural
    Eg:
    1) Le bel orgue. - the beautiful organ
    2) Les belles orgues. - the beautiful organs
194
Q

Adjectives of colour

A
  • Normally, the adjective of colour agrees with the noun it modifies
  • But there are exceptions to some of the them
  • when the adjective of colour is a compound adjective, it is invariable
195
Q

Normal adjectives of colour

A
  • normally adjectives of colour agree with the noun they modify
    Eg:
    1) une robe Blanche. - a white dress
    2) des yes bruns. - brown eyes
196
Q

Colour compound adjectives

A
  • when the adjective of colour is a compound adjective, it is invariable
    Eg:
    1) des yeux bleu clair. - light blue eyes
    2) des chaussures noir et blanc. - black and white shoes
    3) une robe vert foncé. - a dark green dress
    4) des robes bleu ciel. - Sky blue dresses
197
Q

Adjectives that can be noun and used as adjectives

A
  • If the adjective can also be a noun used as an adjective, it is invariable
    Eg:
    1) des robes orange. - orange dresses
    2) des joues ivoire. - ivory cheeks
    3) une robe chocolat. - a chocolate coloured dress
198
Q

Morron (adj)

A
  • It means ‘brown’
  • it is invariable
    Eg:
    Une robe morron. - a brown dress
199
Q

Châtain (adj)

A
  • It means ‘chestnut brown’
  • It agrees with a masculine plural noun
    Eg:
    Des cheveux châtains. - Chestnut brown hair
200
Q

Compound Adjectives that both agree with noun

A

Except for adjectives of colour, when each of the two parts of the compound adjective modifies the noun, both adjectives agree with the noun.

Eg:
Une fille sourde-muette.
- a deaf-mute girl

201
Q

Compound Adjectives that ends in

-o or -i

A 
When the part first of the compound adjective ends in -o or -i, this part of the adjective is invariable. 
Eg:
1) une pièce tragi-comique.
       -a tragicomic play.
2) des lois anglo-saxames.
       - Anglo-Saxon laws
202
Q

Compound adjectives formed with an invariable word plus an adjective

A 
If the compound adjective is formed with an invariable word plus an adjective, only the adjective agrees with the noun
Eg:
1) Des pays nord-africans 
      -North African countries 
2) L'avant-dernière fois 
      - The next - to - the last time 
3) Des pays sous-développés.
      - underdeveloped countries
203
Q

Compound Adjectives that has an adverbial quantity

A 
If the first term of the compound adjective has an adverbial quality, it is invariable.
Eg:
1) Des enfants nouveau-nés.
     - newborn children 
But:
2) Les fenêtres groundes ouvertes 
     - wide-open windows 
3) Des fraises fraîches cueillies 
     - freshly picked strawberries
204
Q

Position of Adjectives

A
  • Normally, most adjectives follow the noun in French

- But there are exceptions to some adjectives

205
Q

Position of adjectives that indicate colour or shape

A

Adjectives indicating colour or shape follow the noun.
Eg:
1) Une robe bleue. - a blue dress
2) Une maison carrée. - a square house

206
Q

Position of adjectives of nationality, origin, religion, profession, classification, and those that refer to the arts

A

Those adjectives follow the noun
Eg:
1) Une fille française. - a French girl
2) Une peinture parisienne. - a Parisian painting
3) Une église catholique. - a Catholic Church
4) Une ville municipale. - a municipal city
5) Une école secondaire. - a secondary school
6) Le parti libéral. - the Libéral party
7) L’art classique. - classical art
8) Le style Roman. - Romanesque style

207
Q

Position of adjectives that are formed from a past or present participle

A 
Adjectives formed from a past or present participle follow the noun
Eg: 
1) La porte ouverte. - the open door 
2) Une vie animée. - a lively life
3) La semaine passée. - last week
208
Q

Position of adjectives that are modified by an adverb

A

Adjectives that are modified by adverbs follow the noun
Eg:
1) Une conversation complètement bête.
- a completely stupid conversation

209
Q

Adjectives that can placed before or after the noun.

A

The following adjectives can be placed before or after the noun: court (short), meilleur (better, best), gentil (nice), vrai (true)

210
Q

Adjectives that normally precede the noun

A

The following adjectives normally precede the noun: autre (other), jeune (young), même(same), haut(high,tall), joli(pretty) mauvais(bad), petit(small), vilain (ugly, naughty), bon(good), grand (big, great), gros(fat), long(long) beau(beautiful, handsome), nouveau (new), vieux (old)

211
Q

When does ‘des’ become (de or d’) before an adjective

A
  • In the plural, (des) becomes (de or d’) before an adjective that precedes a noun.
    Eg:
    1) Un nouveau roman - a new novel
    2) De nouveau romans - some new novels
  • When an adjective is an integral part of the noun, the article is ‘des’.
    Eg:
    1) Des jeunes filles. - some young girls
    2) Des petits pois. - some peus
    3) Des jeunes gens. - young people
212
Q

When two adjectives are used together

A

When two adjectives are used together, they retain their usual position.
Eg:
Une jolie robe bleue dress

213
Q

When two adjectives have the same position

A

When two adjectives have the same position, they can be joined by the conjunction ‘et’.
Eg:
Une femme intéressante et intelligente

214
Q

When the adjective is an integral part of the noun.

A

If an adjective is an integral part of the noun, another adjective can precede without using the conjunction ‘et’.
Eg:
1) un petit jeune homme
2) un partait honnête homme

215
Q

When an adjective that is pronounced differently in the feminine and in the masculine forms modifies one or more nouns of different genders

A

Place the masculine nouns closest to the adjective.
Eg:
Des questions et des problèmes sociaux
- social questions and problems

216
Q

Adjectives that usually follow the noun can be placed before the noun in order to make a more personal or subjective statement

A

The following adjectives are treated in a such way:
Célèbre(famous), énorme(huge, enormous), excellent(excellent), fameux(famous), magnifique(magnificent), formidable(wonderful), terrible(terrible), triste(sad), un peintre célèbre(a famous painter)(accepted fact), un célèbre peintre(a famous painter)(my opinion)

217
Q

Adjectives that change Meaning According to position.

A

Some adjectives have a different meaning depending on whether they precede or follow the noun: Amer, Ancien, Bon, Brave, Certain, Cher, Dernier, Defférent, Divers, Faux,, Grand, Honnête, Jeune, Maigre, Malhonnête, Même, Moyen, Nouveau, Pauvre, Prochain, Propre, Sale, Seul, Triste, Vilain, Vrai.

218
Q

Amer

A

Is an adjective that changes meaning according to its position
Eg:
1) Une amère expérience. - a bitter (painful) experience
2) un goût amer à bitter taste. - a bitter taste

219
Q

Ancien

A

An adjective that changes meaning according to position.
Eg:
1) un ancien professeur. - a former teacher
2) un professeur ancien. - an old (ancient) teacher

220
Q

Bon

A

An adjective that changes meaning according to position.
Eg:
1) un homme bon. - a kind man
2) un bon homme. - a good man

221
Q

Brave

A

An adjective that changes meaning according to position.
Eg:
1) un brave homme. - a good fellow, a kind man
2) un homme brave. - a courage man

222
Q

Certain

A

An adjective that changes meaning according to position.
Eg:
1) un certain risque. - un certain risk, some risk
2) un risque certain. - an unquestionable risk
3) Une certainne élégance. - a particular elegance
4) Une élégance certainne. - an indisputable elegance
5) un certain jour. - one day

223
Q

Cher

A

An adjective that changes meaning according to position.
Eg:
1) un cher ami. - a dear friend
2) une robe chère. - an expensive dress

224
Q

Dernier

A

An adjective that changes meaning according to position.
Eg:
1) la dernière semaine de l’année. - the last week of the year
2) la semaine dernière. - last week

225
Q

Different

A

An adjective that changes meaning according to position.
Eg:
1) différentes personnes. - various persons
2) des personnes différentes. - different persons

226
Q

Divers

A

An adjective that changes meaning according to position.
Eg:
1) diverses circonstances. - several circumstances.
2) des circonstances diverses. - various circumstances

227
Q

Faux

A

An adjective that changes meaning according to position.
Eg:
1) Une fausse note. - a note out of tune
2) Une note fausse. - a wrong note

228
Q

Grand

A

An adjective that changes meaning according to position.
Eg:
1) un grand écrivain. A great writer
2) un écrivain grand. A tall writer

229
Q

Honnête

A

An adjective that changes meaning according to position.
Eg:
1) Une honnête femme. - a virtuous woman
2) une femme honnête. - a honest woman

230
Q

Jeune

A

An adjective that changes meaning according to position.
Eg:
1) un jeune homme. - a young man
2) un homme jeune. - a man still young

231
Q

Maigre

A

An adjective that changes meaning according to position.
Eg:
1) Une maigre existence. - a poor, meager existence
2) Une femme maigre. A thin (skinny) woman

232
Q

Malhonnête

A

An adjective that changes meaning according to position.
Eg:
1) un Malhonnête homme. - a dishonest man
2) un homme malhonnête. - a rude man

233
Q

Même

A

An adjective that changes meaning according to position.
Eg:
1) la même chose. - the same thing
2) la chose même. - the thing itself
3) Le jour même. - the very day
4) même le professeur. - even the teacher

234
Q

Moyen

A

An adjective that changes meaning according to position.
Eg:
1) Le Moyen Âge. - the Middle Age
2) L’âge moyen. - middle age

235
Q

Nouveau

A

An adjective that changes meaning according to position.
Eg:
1) Une nouvelle robe. - a new (different) dress
2) une robe nouvelle. - a new (style) dress

236
Q

Pauvre

A

An adjective that changes meaning according to position.
Eg:
1) un pauvre garçon. - a poor (unfortunate) boy
2) un garçon pauvre. - a poor (penniless) boy

237
Q

Prochain

A

An adjective that changes meaning according to position.
Eg:
1) la prochaine fois. - the next time
2) la semaine prochaine. - next week

238
Q

Propre

A

An adjective that changes meaning according to position.
Eg:
1) sa propre chambre. - his (her) own room
2) Une chambre propre. - a clean room
3) les propres termes. - the very, actual words
4) les termes propres. - the right terms

239
Q

Sale

A

An adjective that changes meaning according to position.
Eg:
1) un sale homme. A bad man
2) un homme sale. A dirty (physically) man

240
Q

Seul

A

An adjective that changes meaning according to position.
Eg:
1) Une seule personne. - only one person
2) Une personne seule. - a single person

241
Q

Triste

A

An adjective that changes meaning according to position.
Eg:
1) un triste livre. A poor, worthless book
2) un livre triste. A sad book

242
Q

Vilain

A

An adjective that changes meaning according to position.
Eg:
1) un vilian personnage. - a disagreeable character
2) un personnage Vilain. - an ugly character

243
Q

Vrai

A

An adjective that changes meaning according to position.
Eg:
1) Une vrai histoire. - quite a story
2) Une histoire vrai. - a true story

244
Q

Adverbs

A

Adverbs modify a verb, an adjective, or another adverb, and they are invariable

245
Q

Formation of adverbs

A

Most adverbs are formed by adding [-ment] to the feminine form of the adjective.

246
Q

Formation of regular adverbs

A

Regular adverbs are formed by adding -ment to the feminine form of the adjective

247
Q

Final (m) - adj
Finale (f) - adj
Finalement - adv

A

Finally

248
Q

Fort (m) - adj
Forte (f) - adj
Fortement - adv

A

Strongly

249
Q

Parfait (m) - adj
Parfaite (f) - adj
Parfaitement - adv

A

Perfectly

250
Q

Extrême (m) - adj
Extrême (f) - adj
Extrêmement - adv

A

Extremely

251
Q

Facile (m) - adj
Facile (f) - adj
Facilement - adv

A

Easily

252
Q

Rapide (m) - adj
Rapide (f) - adj
Rapidement - adv

A

Rapidly

253
Q

Naturel (m) - adj
Naturele (f) - adj
Naturelement - adv

A

Naturally

254
Q

Complet (m) - adj
Complète (f) - adj
Complètement - adv

A

Completely

255
Q

Amer (m) - adj
Amère (f) - adj
Amèrement - adv

A

Bitterly

256
Q

Heureux (m)
Heureuse (f)
Heureusement - adv

A

Happily

257
Q

Sérieux (m) - adj
Sérieuse (f) - adj
Sérieusement - adv

A

Seriously

258
Q

Doux (m) - adj
Douce (f) - adj
Doucement - adv

A

Sweetly

259
Q

Attentif (m) - adj
Attentive (f) - adj
Attentivenent - adv

A

Attentively

260
Q

Franc (m) - adj
Franche (f) - adj
Franchement - adv

A

Frankly

261
Q

Long (m) - adj
Longue (f) - adj
Longuement - adv

A

At length

262
Q

Adverbs Ending in -amment and -emment

A
  • Adjectives ending in -ant and -ent in the masculine singular change [-ant to -amment] and [-ent to -emment] to form adverbs
  • There are exceptions to a few words: lent, présent, véhément.
263
Q

Abondant (m) - adj

Abondamment - adv

A

Abundantly

264
Q

Brillant (m) - adj

Brillamment- adv

A

Brilliantly

265
Q

Constant (m) - adj

Constamment - adv

A

Constantly

266
Q

Courant (m) - adj

Couramment - adv

A

Fluently

267
Q

Puissant (m) - adj

Puissamment - adv

A

Powerful

268
Q

Décent (m) - adj

Décemment - adv

A

Decently

269
Q

Évident (m) - adj

Évidemment - adv

A

Evidently

270
Q

Fréquent (m) - adj

Fréquemment - adv

A

Frequently

271
Q

Patient (m) - adj

Patiemment - adv

A

Patiently

272
Q

Lent (m) - adj
Lentement - adv

————> exception

A

Slowly

273
Q

Présent (m) - adj
Présentement - adv

———> exception

A

Presently

274
Q

Véhément (m) - adj
Véhémentement - adv

———-> exception

A

Vehemently

275
Q

Formation of irregular adverbs that have irregular stems

A

Some adverbs have irregular stems

276
Q

Bref (m) - adj
Brève (f) - adj
Brièvement - adv

A

Briefly

277
Q

Gentil (m) - adj
Gentilille (f) - adj
Gentiment - adv

A

Nicely

278
Q

Impuni (m) - adj
Impunie (f) - adj
Impunément - adv

A

With impunity

279
Q

Formation of irregular adverbs that differ from their corresponding adjectives

A

Some adverbs differ altogether from the corresponding adjective

280
Q

Bon (m) - adj
Bonne (f) - adj
Bien - adv

A

Well

281
Q

Mauvais (m) - adj
Mauvaise (f) - adj
Mal - adv

A

Badly

282
Q

Meilleur (m) - adj
Meilleure (f) - adj
Mieux - adv

A

Better

283
Q

Moindre (m) - adj
Moindre (f) - adj
Moins - adv

A

Less

284
Q

Petit (m) - adj
Petite (f) - adj
Peu - adv

A

Little

285
Q

What is the different between Bon/Mauvais and Bien/Mal

A

You can distinguish between Bon/Mauvais and Bien/Mal by remembering that the adjectives Bon and Mauvais modify nouns whereas the adverbs Bien and Mal modify verbs

286
Q

Formation of irregular adverbs that are identical to the masculine singular adjectives

A

Some adverbs are identical to the masculine singular adjectives

287
Q

Bas - (adjective & adverb)

Il parle bas.

A

Low

He speaks low

288
Q

Bon - (adjective & adverb)

Ça sent bon

A

Good

That smells good

289
Q

Chaud - (adjective & adverb)

Il fait chaud.

A

Warm

It is warm (weather)

290
Q

Cher - (adjective & adverb)

Les robes coûtent cher

A

Expensive

The dresses are expensive

291
Q

Clair - (adjective & adverb)

Elle voit cleir.

A

Clearly

She understands

292
Q

Court - (adjective & adverb)

Il s’arrête court

A

Short

He stops short

293
Q

Dur - (adjective & adverb)

Elle travaille dur

A

Hard

She works hard

294
Q

Faux - (adjective & adverb)

Il chante faux

A

False

He sings out of tune

295
Q

Fort - (adjective & adverb)

Il crie fort

A

Loudly, strongly

He shouts loudly

296
Q

Haut - (adjective & adverb)

Il parle haut

A

Loudly

He speaks loudly

297
Q

Juste - (adjective & adverb)

Elle tire juste

A

Straight

She shoots straight

298
Q

Mauvais- (adjective & adverb)

Ça sent mauvais

A

Bad

That smells bad

299
Q

Net - (adjective & adverb)

Elle s’arrête net

A

Clean, short

She stops short

300
Q

Comparison of adjectives and adverbs

A
  • Regular comparisons

- comparative followed by a noun

301
Q

Regular comparisons of adjectives and adverbs

A

The comparative is formed by placing ‘plus’, ‘moins’, or ‘aussi’ before and ‘que’ after the adjective or adverb

302
Q

Regular comparison of superiority

A

Plus….que ——-> more….than

1) Cette robe est plus belle que l’autre. - This dress is prettier than the other
2) Il parle plus vite que moi. - He speaks more rapidly than I.

303
Q

Regular comparison of equality

A

Aussi…que ——-> as…as

1) Elle est aussi intelligente que moi. - She is as intelligent as I am.
2) Il parle aussi couramment que Pierre. - He speaks as fluently as Peter

304
Q

Regular comparison of inferiority

A

Moins…que ——> les …. than

1) ce tailleur est moins cher que l’autre. - This suit is less expensive than the other
2) Ce garçon agit moins poliment que l’autre. - This boy acts less politely than the other

305
Q

Regular comparison with disjunctive pronouns

A

The disjunctive pronoun follows ‘que’

1) Je suis plus intelligent que lui. - I am more intelligent than he.

306
Q

Regular comparison in negative sentences

A

In negative sentences ‘aussi’ can become ‘si’
• affirmative:
1) Elle parle aussi vite que son frère. -She speaks quickly as her brother
• Negative:
2) Elle ne parle pas si vite que son frère. - She does not speak as quickly as her brother

307
Q

PLUS and MOINS in negative sentences

A

Plus and moins do not change in negative sentence
• Elle ne parle pas plus vite que son frère. - She does not speak more quickly than her brother
• Elle ne parle pas moins vite que son frère. - She does not speak less quickly than her brother

308
Q

Comparative and expletive ‘ne’

A

When there is a clause depending on the comparative, the ‘ne’ must be used before the subordinate verb. The ‘ne’ does not make the verb negative.

  • Il est plus intelligent que vous ne le pensez. - He is more intelligent than you think
  • Elle est plus intelligente qu’elle n’en a l’air. - She is more intelligent than she appears.
309
Q

Treatment Comparative when followed by a noun

A

When comparative is followed by a noun, plus…que becomes plus de…que, aussi…que becomes autant…que and moins…que becomes moins de…que.
• J’ai plus de livres que lui. - I have more books than he does
• Elle a autant d’argent que moi. - She has as much money as I
• Elle a moins de livres que moi. - She has fewer books than I

310
Q

How superlative of adjectives and adverbs is formed

A

The superlative of an adjective is formed by adding the definite article Le, La, or Les to the comparative form
• Marc est l’étudiant le plus intelligent de la classe. - Mark is the most intelligent boy in the class.
• Cette peinture est la plus belle de toutes. - This painting is the most beautiful of all
• Ces peintures sont les moins intéressantes du musée. - These paintings are the least interesting in the museum

311
Q

Treatment of superlative when adjective precedes a noun or follows it.

A

If an adjective normally precede the noun, the superlative will also precede the noun. If the adjective normally follows the noun, the superlative will normally follow
• Pierre est un gentil garçon. - Peter is a nice boy
• Pierre est le plus gentil garçon de la classe. - Peter is the nicest boy in the class
• Marie est une fille intelligente. - Mary is an intelligent girl
• Marie est la fille la plus intelligente de la classe. - Mary is the most intelligent girl in the class

312
Q

Treatment of preposition ‘de’ with the superlative

A

Preposition ‘de’ follows the superlative even when it means ‘in’

313
Q

Treatment of a verb with superlative

A

When a verb follows the superlative, it is usually in the subjunctive
• C’est le film le plus intéressant que j’aie vu
• C’est la plus gentille fille que je connaisse

314
Q

How superlative of adverbs is formed

A

The superlative of adverbs is formed by adding Le to the comparative
• Ce garçon parle le plus couramment. - This boy speaks the most fluently
• Cette fille chante le plus fort. - This girl signs the loudest

French (8 decks)

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