adjective

Question 0

What two general categories can adjective group into?

Answer 0

Descriptive adjectives and Limiting adjectives

Question 1

What is an adjective?

Answer 1

They are modifiers of nouns and pronouns

Question 2

What are the two types of decriptive adjective?

Answer 2

Attributive adjectives and Predicate adjectives

Question 3

What are the nine types of limiting adjectives?

Answer 3

1) proper adjectives
2) possessive adjectives
3) demonstrative adjectives
4) cardinal adjectives
5) ordinal adjectives
6) nouns used as adjectives
7) definite and indefinite articles
8) indefinite adjectives
9) interrogative adjectives

Question 4

Simple and Compound Adjectives

Answer 4

Simple adjectives (single words)
Compound adjectives
- Combining two words into one (pickup)
-Hyphenating two words (parent-child)
- Using two closely related words without hyphenating (high school)

Question 5

Positive form of adjectives

Answer 5

Can be compared across a continuum. Can be inflected to create the comparative and superlative forms

Question 6

What is gradable?

Answer 6

Adjectives that can be modified to compare two or more entities along a continuum (smart, smarter, smartest)

Question 7

Adjective form: Comparative

Answer 7

Compares two nouns or pronouns.
Typically by adding -er to the positive form.

Note: When an adjective cannot be modified with -er, the comparative form is made by adding either more or less before the positive form.

Question 8

Adjective form: superlative

Answer 8

Compares two nouns or pronouns.
Typically by adding -est to the perfect form.

Note: When an adjective cannot be modified with -est, the superlative form is made by adding with most or least before the positive form

Question 9

What is nongradable?

Answer 9

Adjectives that cannot be modified with comparative or superlative forms, because they typically describe all or not qualities of entities. (perfect, square, and plastic)

Question 10

Descriptive Adjectives

Answer 10

Describe a quality of the noun or pronoun they modify

Question 11

Attributive adjectives

Answer 11

Usually precede the noun or pronoun

Ex: The tall girl is in my class. (tall is the adjective)

Question 12

Predicate adjectives

Answer 12

Can follow a copula (is) or an intransitive verb (seems) to modify the subject of the subject of the sentence - subject complements.

Question 13

Limiting adjectives

Answer 13

Modify nouns by focusing on how much, how many, whose and so on. They use other parts of speech (ex: noun and pronouns) that take on a adjectives role.

Question 14

Proper adjectives

Answer 14

• Limiting and refer to distinct entities
  ex: Spanish class (Spanish is the proper adjective)

Typically, they are capitalized

Question 15

Possessive adjectives

Answer 15

• Nouns or pronouns used to signify possession
  ex: man’s book

Note: It is his. (his is a pronoun because it is not directly modifying a noun. It is taking the place of a noun. Therefore, it function as a possessive pronoun.)

Question 16

Demonstrative adjectives

Answer 16

-This, that, these, and those when used to describe a noun or pronoun

Ex: That one is the best. (That is the demonstrative adjective)

Question 17

Carnial adjectives

Answer 17

• Numbers used to describe the noun or pronoun (counting numbers)
• Also called quantifiers- tells how much

Ex: four classes

Question 18

Ordinal adjectives

Answer 18

• describe the sequence of the nouns or pronouns
• quantifiers too - tells which order

Ex: Jason came in fourth place. (fourth is ordinal adjective)

Question 19

Nouns used as adjectives

Answer 19

A number of nouns can be used as adjectives. Harder to recognize as being adjectives.

Ex: computer class (computer is the adjective)

Question 20

Definite and indefinite articles

Answer 20

Definite articles  
	- Describe a more specific item
	- the
Indefinite articles 
	-Describe a general item 
	- a, an

Question 21

Indefinite adjectives

Answer 21

• Can be used a pronoun or adjective

- all, enough, more, many, most, several, both, never, some,few,much (more on page 31)

Question 22

Interrogative adjectives

Answer 22

• When used to modify a noun or pronoun.

Ex: Whose is this? (whose is pronoun)
Whose pencil is this? (whose is adjective)

Question 23

Sequencing adjectives

Answer 23

• We often string adjectives together to modify nouns or pronouns
• There is no fixed oder or sequence.

Ex: Two,scary, old, American men came to dinner.
-limiting+opinion/quality+descriptive proper
He wore a blue,checkered, flannel shirt.
- determiner+color+pattern+material

Question 24

Developmental Notes

Answer 24

The first 50 words typically contain some modifiers
-Usually general, common descriptors
-big, cold, hot,dirty
Two- word combinations emerge around 18 months with attributes
-mommy pretty,big cookie, dirty sock
Three- word combinations emerge around 30 months.
- Noun+adjective+noun
-Mommy pretty hat (Mommy had a pretty hat)
- Adjective+adjective+noun
-big,black,dog
-Demonstrative+ adjective+noun
-That pretty kitty
Opposite usually occur around 36-40 months
-little,short,hard,light
Four-word combinations begin around 4 years old
- Noun phrase elaboration occurs for nouns and pronouns in the subject and object position
Around 9 years old, children start to understand the derivational suffixes.
- ette, -ize, -ful, -like, -able at about 60%
- less understood fully
- only about half as accurate as adult usage