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Psychiatry > ADHD and autism > Flashcards

ADHD and autism Flashcards

1
Q

What is the triad of ADHD?

A

Hyperactivity
Inattention
Impulsivity

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2
Q

What are some of the comorbid conditions associated with ADHD?

A 
Social communication difficulties
Learning difficulties
Attachment difficulties
Mood and anxiety problems
Behavioural disorders (ODD/CD)
Substance use
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3
Q

What are some of the bad adulthood outcomes associated with ADHD?

A

High rates of crime
High rates of substance misuse
High rates of psychiatric disorder

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4
Q

What screening questionnaires can be done for ADHD?

A

SDQ (strengths and difficulties questionnaire)

DAWBA (development and wellbeing questionnaire)

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5
Q

What structured diagnostic questionnaires are there for ADHD?

A

Conners scale

ADHD rating scale

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6
Q

Which gender is ADHD more common in?

A

Males

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7
Q

What cognitive deficit is ADHD associated with?

A

Defects in working memory - can be similar to that in early Alzheimers

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8
Q

What are the first line psychological therapies for ADHD?

A

Parent training

Behavioural classroom management strategies

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9
Q

What is the New Forest parenting programme?

A

The New Forest Parenting Programme (NFPP) is for parents with a child between the ages of three and 11 with moderate to severe symptoms of ADHD
NFPP takes place in the family’s home through eight weekly visits
During these visits, parents learn strategies for managing their children’s behaviour and difficulties with attention

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10
Q

What are the first line pharmacological therapies for ADHD?

A

Methylphenidate (‘Ritalin’)
Dexamfetamine
Lisdexamfetamine

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11
Q

What are the second line pharmacological therapies for ADHD?

A

Atomoxetine

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12
Q

What are the third line pharmacological therapies for ADHD?

A

Antidepressants
Antihypertensives
Antipsychotics

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13
Q

How do stimulant pharmacological therapies for ADHD work?

A

Improve dopaminergic neurotransmission in networks involved in executive functioning

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14
Q

What is the triad of autistic spectrum disorder?

A

Qualitative impairments in social function
Language defecits
Thought and behaviour (i.e. inflexible, resistant to change)

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15
Q

What are some of the comorbid conditions associated with autism?

A 
Learning disability
Depression
Social anxiety
OCD
ADHD
Dyspraxia
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16
Q

What is a screening questionnaire for autism?

A

Social responsiveness scale

17
Q

What is a standardised assessment for autism?

A

Autism diagnostic observation schedule

18
Q

Is there a genetic aspect in autism?

A

Yes - highly heritable

19
Q

How can risperidone be used in autism?

A

Short term for aggression, self harming or tantrum

20
Q

How can Methylphenidate be used in autism?

A

ADHD symptoms

21
Q

What treatment can be used in autism for difficult sleep?

A

Melatonin

Psychiatry (10 decks)

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