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Spinal Final Exam > Additional Vertebral Column Arthrology > Flashcards

Additional Vertebral Column Arthrology Flashcards

1
Q

What amount of flexion- extension is accommodated by the atlanto-occipital joint?

A

about 25 degrees

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2
Q

What amount of axial rotation is accommodated by the atlanto-occipital joint?

A

about 3-8 degrees one side axial rotation

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3
Q

What amount of lateral bending is accommodated by the atlanto-occipital joint?

A

about 5 degrees

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4
Q

Which motion is best accommodated by the atlanto-occipital joint?

A

flexion-extension

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5
Q

What is the function of the transverse atlantal ligament?

A

it is the primary stabilizer of the atlanto-axial joint restricting the distance of C2 from the anterior arch of C1

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6
Q

What movements are facilitated at the median atlanto-axial joint?

A

flexion- extension, rotation, and telescoping (superior-inferior gliding)

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7
Q

What is the ADI?

A

the Atlanto-Dental Interspace, a radiographic distance between the surfaces of the anterior bursa of the median atlanto-axial joint

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8
Q

The ADI is observed between what surfaces?

A

the fovea dentis of C2??? and the facet for the fovea dents of C2

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9
Q

What is the ADI of children compared with that of adults?

A

about 4.5 mm in children; a range of 2-3 mm or about 2.5 mm in adults

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10
Q

What are the degrees of movement facilitated at the atlanto-axial joint?

A

about 20 degrees flexion- extension, 40 degrees one side axial rotation, and 5 degrees of lateral bending

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11
Q

The occiput-C1-C2 joint complex accounts for what percent of all cervical axial rotation?

A

about 60%

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12
Q

What is the embryonic derivative of the apical ligament of the dens of the apicodental ligament?

A

the notochord

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13
Q

What is the function of the alar ligament?

A

together they function to resist axial rotation

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14
Q

what forms the cranial continuation of the PLL?

A

the membrana tectoria or tectorial membrane

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15
Q

List, in order, the ligaments in a midsagittal plane from the dura mater at the level of the medulla oblongata to the anterior bursa of the median atlanto-axial joint

A

the membrana tectoria
the cruciate ligament
the capsular ligament of the posterior bursa of the median atlato-axial joint
the apical ligament of the dens or apicodental ligament

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16
Q

For the cervical spine below C2, what is the range of flexion-extension?

A

about 90 degrees or about 18 degrees per couple

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17
Q

For the cervical spine below C2, what is the range of one side lateral bending?

A

about 50 degrees or about 10 degrees per couple

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18
Q

For the cervical spine below C2, what is the range of one side axial rotation?

A

about 33 degrees or about six degrees per couple

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19
Q

What are the locations for the costovertebral joints on the vertebra?

A

the costocentral joint at the vertebral body and the costotransverse joint at the transverse process

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20
Q

At what rib will the superior costotransverse ligament be absent?

A

1st

21
Q

What ligaments will attach to the neck of the 12th rib?

A

the superior costotransverse ligament from T11 and the lumbocostal ligament from L1

22
Q

What are the attachment sites for the inferior costotransverse ligament?

A

the neck of the rib and the transverse process of the vertebra at that level

23
Q

At what rib will the inferior costotransverse ligament be absent?

A

12th

24
Q

What is the name of the space between the transverse process and the neck of the rib?

A

the costotransverse foramen

25
Q

which ligament “fills” the costotransverse foramen?

A

the inferior costotransverse ligament

26
Q

What are the attachment sites for the lateral costotransverse ligament?

A

the non-articular surface of the tubercle of the rib and the transverse tubercle of the transverse process of the vertebra at that level

27
Q

which vertebra will lack an attachment for the lateral costotransverse ligament?

A

T12

28
Q

Which vertebra couples of the thoracic spine have the greatest motion?

A

T11/T12 and T12/L1

29
Q

Which range of motion is greatest for lower thoracic vertebral couples?

A

flexion-extension

30
Q

Which range of motion is least for lower thoracic vertebral couples?

A

one side axial rotation

31
Q

Which ligaments replace the itertransverse ligament at the lumbosacral joint?

A

the iliolumbar ligament and the lumbosacral ligament

32
Q

What muscle is intimately attached to the superior iliolumbar ligament?

A

quadratus lumborum

33
Q

Which of the current ligaments from the iliolumbar ligament complex represents the iliolumbar ligaments of classical descriptions?

A

the superior iliolumbar ligament

34
Q

Which ligament from the iliolumbar ligament complex will attach to the sacral ala?

A

the inferior iliolumbar ligament

35
Q

Which ligament from the iliolumbar ligament complex represents lumbosacral ligaments of classical descriptions?

A

the inferior iliolumbar ligament

36
Q

What are the attachment sites for the accessory iliolumbar ligament?

A

the transverse process of L4 and iliac crest

37
Q

Which vertebral couple of the lumbar spine has the greatest range of motion?

A

L5/S1

38
Q

Which range of motion is greatest for all lumbar vertebral couples?

A

flexion-extension

39
Q

Which range of motion is least for L1-L5 vertebral couples?

A

one side axial rotation

40
Q

Which range of motion is least fro the L5/S1 vertebral couple?

A

one side lateral bending

41
Q

List, in order, from cranial to caudal the ligaments forming the anterior boundary of the spinal canal?

A

the membrana tectoria, posterior longitudinal ligament and deep posterior sacrococcygeal ligament

42
Q

What ligament represents the homolog of the ligamentum flavum at the sacrococcygeal joint?

A

the superficial posterior sacrococcygeal ligament

43
Q

List, in order, from cranial to caudal the ligaments forming the posterior boundary of the spinal canal?

A

the posterior atlanto-occipital ligament, posterior atlanto-axial ligament, ligamentum flavum and the superficial posterior sacrococcygeal ligament

44
Q

What is the auricular surface of the ilium composed of?

A

articular cartilage, interspersed with fibrocartilage

45
Q

What does ankylosis mean?

A

a condition of fibrous adhesion occurs within the joint

46
Q

What is the age and surface bias associated with degenerative arthrosis of the sacro-iliac joint?

A

age 40, the iliac auricular surface

47
Q

What is the age and gender bias associated with ankylosis of the sacro-iliac joint?

A

age 50 and male bias particularly in African American Males

48
Q

What is the relationship between the capsular and interosseous sacro-iliac ligament?

A

the interosseous sacro-iliac ligament replaces the capsular ligament posteriorly

49
Q

What passes between the layers of the interosseous sacro-iliac ligament?

A

dorsal rami from the sacral spinal nerves

Spinal Final Exam (11 decks)

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