Additional Questions Flashcards
What is a prokaryotic cell?
Basic cell found in bacteria
Lacking organelles and a nucleus
What is a eukaryotic cell?
More complex cell found in fungi, plant, and animal cells
Contain organelles
Has specialized functions
What is the food mass called after it leaves the stomach?
Chyme
What is the food mass called after it leaves the mouth?
Bolus
What is the name of the ring of muscles that controls food entry into the stomach?
The gastroesophagal sphincter
Where is bile made?
The liver
Where is bile stored before it enters the duodenum?
The gallbladder
What is the function of bile?
Bile is needed for the digestion and absorption of fats
What enzyme is active in the stomach?
Pepsin
What structures release pepsinogen in the stomach?
Chief cells!
List, in order the three parts of the small intestine
Duodenum, jejunum and ileum
What is Hypertonic?
High concentration of water
Hypotonic is…?
An area of low concentration
Isotonic means???
Equal areas of concentration in both sides
Where does protein digestion take place?
In the stomach and duodenum
What chemicals are needed for protein digestion?
Pepsin, Trypsin and Erepsin
Where does fat digestion take place?
In the stomach and duodenum
What chemicals are required for fat digestion?
HCl, Bile, Pancreatic Lipase, and Intestinal Lipase
Define mechanical digestion
Involves physically breaking down food into smaller pieces
Define chemical digestion
Decomposing material by the action of enzymes and bacteria
Technical term for platelets is…?
Thrombocytes
What is atherosclerosis?
When plaque builds up in the arteries
Arteriosclerosis is…?
When plaque builds up in the coronary arteries
What are the three components of blood?
Red blood cells, plasma, and the Buffy coat
