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Grade 11 Bio > Additional Questions > Flashcards

Additional Questions Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is a prokaryotic cell?

A

Basic cell found in bacteria

Lacking organelles and a nucleus

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2
Q

What is a eukaryotic cell?

A

More complex cell found in fungi, plant, and animal cells

Contain organelles

Has specialized functions

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3
Q

What is the food mass called after it leaves the stomach?

A

Chyme

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4
Q

What is the food mass called after it leaves the mouth?

A

Bolus

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5
Q

What is the name of the ring of muscles that controls food entry into the stomach?

A

The gastroesophagal sphincter

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6
Q

Where is bile made?

A

The liver

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7
Q

Where is bile stored before it enters the duodenum?

A

The gallbladder

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8
Q

What is the function of bile?

A

Bile is needed for the digestion and absorption of fats

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9
Q

What enzyme is active in the stomach?

A

Pepsin

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10
Q

What structures release pepsinogen in the stomach?

A

Chief cells!

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11
Q

List, in order the three parts of the small intestine

A

Duodenum, jejunum and ileum

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12
Q

What is Hypertonic?

A

High concentration of water

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13
Q

Hypotonic is…?

A

An area of low concentration

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14
Q

Isotonic means???

A

Equal areas of concentration in both sides

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15
Q

Where does protein digestion take place?

A

In the stomach and duodenum

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16
Q

What chemicals are needed for protein digestion?

A

Pepsin, Trypsin and Erepsin

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17
Q

Where does fat digestion take place?

A

In the stomach and duodenum

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18
Q

What chemicals are required for fat digestion?

A

HCl, Bile, Pancreatic Lipase, and Intestinal Lipase

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19
Q

Define mechanical digestion

A

Involves physically breaking down food into smaller pieces

20
Q

Define chemical digestion

A

Decomposing material by the action of enzymes and bacteria

21
Q

Technical term for platelets is…?

A

Thrombocytes

22
Q

What is atherosclerosis?

A

When plaque builds up in the arteries

23
Q

Arteriosclerosis is…?

A

When plaque builds up in the coronary arteries

24
Q

What are the three components of blood?

A

Red blood cells, plasma, and the Buffy coat

25
Q

What is in plasma?

A

Water, salt, enzymes, antibodies and proteins

26
Q

Technical name for red blood cells?

A

Erythrocytes

27
Q

Name two possible causes of abnormally alkaline urine?

A

High levels of ammonia or a UTI

28
Q

Water leaves the nephron from these three places?

A

Glomerulus, Loop of Henle and the DCT

29
Q

The GE opening is controlled by…?

A

The cardiac sphincter

30
Q

What makes Lactose?

A

Glucose and Galactose

31
Q

What is the function of the Krypts of Lieberkuhn?

A

Digestive glands that release intestinal juice.

32
Q

What is the function of cuboidal cells?

A

They increase the absorption area of nutrients

33
Q

What element is found in every organic molecule?

A

Carbon

34
Q

How many bonds can carbon form?

A

4

35
Q

What is the name for 10 monosaccharides bonded together?

A

Polysaccharide

36
Q

What are proteins made up of?

A

Amino acids

37
Q

What factors increase blood pressure?

A 
Obesity 
Substance abuse
Kidney disease
Stress
Burst blood vessels
38
Q

What is a heart attack?

A

The result of coronary heart disease. When a portion of the heart dies because of plaque buildup and blood clots.

39
Q

What are the 4 types of blood?

A

A
B
AB
O

40
Q

Which blood type is the universal donor?

A

O-

41
Q

Which blood type is the universal recipient?

A

AB

42
Q

What makes the pulmonary artery different different from all the other arteries?

A

The pulmonary artery pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs to become oxygenated

43
Q

Where does the carbon dioxide in the blood come from?

A

Carbon dioxide is a by-product of cellular respiration.

44
Q

What is the resting heart rate of the average person?

A

60 to 100 beats per minute

45
Q

How is respiration controlled?

A

With the contraction and relaxation of the diaphragm.

Grade 11 Bio (14 decks)

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