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HSCI 214 > Additional Final Questions > Flashcards

Additional Final Questions Flashcards

1
Q

Increased tolerance and withdrawal symptoms are the two key components of the concept of _________________.
Addiction
Compulsion
Intoxication
Dependence

A

Dependence

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1
Q

________ refers to the repetitive consumption of substances, or repetitive engagement in activities (behaviours), considered to be problematic.

Inebriety
Substance use
Problematic consumption
Addiction

A

Addiction

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2
Q

The DSM-5 uses the term “addiction” and includes nonchemical, behavioural addictions within the section titled “Substance Use and Addictive Disorders”. This emphasizes the _________aspects of dependence, rather than the ______processes related to dependence on psychoactive substances.

Psychological, psycho-social
Physiological, psychological
Biological, psychological
Psychological, physiological

A

Psychological, physiological

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3
Q

T/F: Addiction adversely affects both the individual and the people in his or her social network.

A

True

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4
Q

T/F: The term alcoholism emerged as a popular and consistent label in the 1960’s.

A

False

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5
Q

T/F: The disease model of addiction assumes that some substances are inherently prone to causing addiction.

A

False

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6
Q

T/F: The term dependence (in relation to substance use) is typically conceptualized as being physiological in nature.

A

True

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7
Q

T/F: From a public health perspective, problematic substance use is best understood as a biopsychosocial problem.

A

True

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8
Q

Which of the following routes of administration is thought of as having the quickest effect?

Insufflation (“snorting”)
Injection
Oral consumption
Smoking or vaping

A

Injection

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9
Q

T/F: All psychoactive substance use is problematic, and public health perspectives do not recognize beneficial or non-problematic forms of substance use

A

False

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10
Q

In 1964, the WHO replaced the term _____ with “dependence”.

A

Addiction

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11
Q

The War on Drugs was introduced in the United States as a policy related to psychoactive substance use, and sought to_______________.

  • Criminalize people who use drugs
  • Legalize the sale of psychoactive substances for recreational purposes
  • End the international drug trade through the use of military force
  • Reduce drug trade between Northern and Southern American countries
A

End the international drug trade through the use of military force

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12
Q

This group believes that the characteristics of the individual (inherent alcoholism) is at the root of addiction, rather than the addictive properties of alcohol as a substance.

A

Alcoholics Anonymous

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13
Q

In the “Frankenstein narrative” regarding particular psychoactive substances (as described by Mike Jay, 2000), the medical system (medication producers and physicians) often promote a substance as therapeutic and safe, only to then later restrict it and have it become demonized. This is evident in the history of the following substances in the United States.

A
  • cocaine
  • morphine
  • miltown
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14
Q

Public health perspectives view substance use as

A
  • sometimes non-problematic or beneficial
  • existing along a spectrum
  • being shaped by environmental forces and the social determinants of health
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15
Q

Capture ratio for a specific substance estimates the percentage of who develop dependence on that particular substance. A study by Gable (2006) found _______ to have the greatest dependence potential.

A

heroin and methamphetamine

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16
Q

A similar study of capture ratio by Rose & Cherpitel (2011) estimated that __________ was the most addictive substance they assessed.

A

nicotine

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17
Q

“Relative addictiveness” ratings by Henningfield and Benowitz rank ____ as being the most addictive substance they assessed.

A

Heroin

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18
Q

Which of the following was ranked as having the least dependence potential in the “relative addictiveness” rankings and by Rose & Cherpitel (2011)?

nicotine
cannabis
heroin
alcohol

A

cannabis

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19
Q

The study of drug harms in the UK by Nutt and colleagues (2010), produced “harm scores” for a broad range of psychoactive substances, and ranked _________ to be the most harmful.

A

alcohol

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20
Q

Which of the 3 primary eating disorder diagnoses is the most prevalent among both males and females ?

A

Binge Eating Disorder

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21
Q

Which of the following is not characteristic of a feeding and eating disorder?
- Persistent disturbance of eating
- Significant lack of food within household
- Altered consumption of food
- Problematic eating-related behaviour

A

Significant lack of food within household

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22
Q

Which eating disorder is new in the DSM-5?

  • Bulimia nervosa
  • Binge-eating disorder
  • Anorexia Athletica
  • Anorexia Nervosa
A

binge eating disorder

23
Q

All of the following are examples of Other Specified Feeding and Eating Disorder (OSFED), except ________.

  • Low frequency/limited duration bulimia nervosa
  • Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID)
  • Atypical anorexia nervosa
  • Purging disorder
A

Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID)

24
Q

Anorexia athletica is another term for ________.

A

compulsive exercising

25
Q

This eating disorder has the highest mortality rate of any psychiatric illness.

A

anorexia nervosa

26
Q

The lifetime prevalence of anorexia nervosa is ________ for women and ________ for men, respectively.

A

0.9% in women, 0.3% in men

27
Q

All of the following are examples of residual diagnosis of eating disorders, except ________.
- pica
- binge eating disorder
- avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder
- rumination disorder

A

binge eating disorder

28
Q

Which of the following conditions does not involve purging ?

  • Bulimia nervosa
  • Purging disorder
  • Binge Eating Disorder
  • Low frequency/limited duration bulimia nervosa
A

binge eating disorder

29
Q

T/F: Unlike binge-eating, bulimia nervosa episodes are not followed by compensating behaviours.

A

False

30
Q

T/F: Binge eating is the medical term for overeating.

A

False

31
Q

Which of the following is not considered an environmental factor associated with eating disorders?

  • peer pressure
  • parental pressure
  • pressures related to athletic activities
  • genetic predisposition
  • Childhood maltreatment
A

genetic predisposition

32
Q

Which of the following conditions is NOT currently recognized as an eating disorder in the DSM-5 ?

  • Purging disorder
  • Atypical anorexia
  • Bulimia nervosa of low frequency and/or limited duration
  • Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID)
  • Orthorexia
A

orthorexia

33
Q

Which of the following conditions are currently recognized as eating disorders in the DSM-5 ?

  • Body Dysmorphic Disorder
  • Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID)
  • Bulimia nervosa
  • Orthorexia
  • Atypical anorexia nervosa
  • Anorexia Athletica
A
  • ARFID
  • Bulimia nervosa
  • Atypical anorexia nervosa
34
Q

The term ‘attention deficit disorder with or without hyperactivity’ was first introduced in the DSM in ________.

1980
1968
1975
1995
1987

A

1980

35
Q

This disorder has been labelled the most common childhood psychiatric disorder in most countries.

Autism
Cerebral palsy
ADHD
Conduct Disorder

A

ADHD

36
Q

Estimates from most countries suggest that boys are ________ times more likely than girls to be diagnosed with ADHD.

A

3

37
Q

The DSM-5 requires that a child present ________ out of the 18 symptoms consistently over a period of ________ months to warrant an ADHD diagnosis.

A

6,6

38
Q

Which of the following symptoms belong to the criteria for “inattention” according to the DSM description of ADHD?

  • often fails to give close attention to details or makes careless mistakes
  • often does not follow through on instructions and fails to finish tasks
  • often loses things necessary for tasks or activities
  • often leaves seat in situations when remaining seated is expected
  • often has difficulty waiting their turn
  • is often easily distracted by extraneous stimuli
A
  • often fails to give close attention to details or makes careless mistakes
  • often does not follow through on instructions and fails to finish tasks
  • often loses things necessary for tasks or activities
  • is often easily distracted by extraneous stimuli
39
Q

The first term used to describe hyperactive, impulsive, and inattentive children was ________.

A

Hyperkinetic impulse disorder

40
Q

According to the DSM, the symptoms of autism may include

A
  • Difficulties with reciprocal social communication and interactions
  • Difficulties with non-verbal communication and interactions
  • Repetitive motor movements
  • highly restricted, fixated interests that are abnormal in intensity or focus
41
Q

T/F: FASD is a genetically-determined disorder.

A

False

42
Q

T/F: Neurodevelopmental disorders have both psychological and physical symptoms

A

True

43
Q

T/F: Aspergers syndrome is a new terminology, recently added to the DSM, and used to describe persons with very severe autism symptoms

A

False

44
Q

T/F: It is estimated that about 5 per cent of children in the world have ADHD

A

True

45
Q

Transcultural psychiatry is a field of study that

A

combines anthropology and psychiatry to examine how culture interacts with mental illness

46
Q

_______ refers to the reification of one culture’s diagnostic categories and their application to people in another culture, where these categories lack coherence and their validity has not being established.

A

Category Fallacy

47
Q

The Culture-Related Diagnostic Issues section of the DSM is meant to ________.

  • discuss culture related psychiatric issues
  • provide guidelines for diagnosing cultural disorders
  • list culture-related factors that might be important for clinicians attempting to form a diagnosis
  • develop a treatment guide for cultural minorities
A

list culture-related factors that might be important for clinicians attempting to form a diagnosis

48
Q

Over the past century, research on psychological norms and patterns of distress have been largely conducted in ________.

A

America and Europe

49
Q

This movement seeks to ensure equity in mental health treatment for people across the world.

A

Global Mental Health

50
Q

The tendency to imagine one’s own culture as being “correct” is called ________.

A

ethnocentrism

51
Q

According to Chapter 11 and Box 11.2, which of the organizations below provide psychosocial interventions and “psychological first aid” to populations with war and famine-related trauma?

A
  • Red Cross
  • Medicins san Frontieres
  • WHO
52
Q

In the most recent edition of the DSM, new terms have been added to further acknowledge the role of culture in relation to mental health and illness. Which of the following terms now appear in the DSM-5?

  • Cultural syndromes
  • Cultural idioms of distress
  • Culture-bound syndromes
  • Cultural explanations or perceived causes
  • Cultural relativism
A
  • Cultural syndromes
  • Cultural idioms of distress
  • Cultural explanations or perceived causes
53
Q

This person, who was a psychiatrist, critiqued the biomedical model of mental illness as a “myth”.

A

Thomas Szasz

54
Q

________ is the systematic subjugation of people who have received mental health diagnosis or treatment.

A

Sanism

HSCI 214 (17 decks)

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