additional components Flashcards
what is “MUST”
malnutrition, universal screening tool
what does the “MUST” consist of?
5 step screening tool to identify adults who are;
- malnourished
- at risk of malnutrition
- obese
outline the first 3 steps of the MUST criteria which are added up to equate to step 4 which is the overall risk of malnutrition
step 1 = BMI
step 2 = unplanned weight loss in past 3-6 months
step 3 = acute disease effect (if patient is acutely unwell ill and likely to have no nutritional intake for >5days
name 2 essential members of MDT to involve in guiding decision making for a malnourished patient
- speech and language therapist
- dietician
modified consistency category E
fork mashable
modified consistency category D
Pre mashed
modified consistency category C
puree
4 components of medical ethics
1 autonomy
2 beneficience
3 non-maleficence
4 justice
outline the first stage of assessment of mental capacity
Questioning whether the person has an impairment of their mind or brain whether as a result of alcohol, drug abuse, or illness
outline the second stage of assessment of mental capacity
Does the impairment mean the person is unable to make a specific decision when they need to?
Mental capacity act states that a person lacks capacity if they can’t; (4)
- understand the information relevant to the decision
- retain the information
- weigh up the decision
- communicate decision back
what is a lasting power of attorney
arranging for someone else to legally be able to make decisions for you
increased losses than can contribute to malnutrition
- fever
- diarrhoea
- wounds
- burns
decreased intake that can contribute to malnutrition
- reduced appetite
- dysphagia
- disliking food
- communication issues
- reduced ability to self feed
what can cause mechanical dysphagia due to obscturction to the upper digestive tract?
- head + neck cancer
what can cause neurological dysphagia
acute strokes
name 3 of 5 types of tubes that can deliver feed
- nasogastric
- PEG
- jejunostomy
- nasojejunal
- nasoduodenal
name 3 medications that can contribute to risk of falls by causing hypotension
bendroflumethiazide, amlodopine, tamsulosin
how can codeine contribute to falls
sedation
how can amitriptyline contribute to risk of falls?
sedation
a prescribing cascade is …
when a new medication is prescribed to treat an unrecognised adverse drug reaction or manifestations of a drug-drug interaction between existing medications
what are the 7 steps for medication review listed in the SIGN polypharmacy guidance
- identify objectives of drug therapy
- identify essential drug therapy
- does the patient take unnecessary drug therapy
- are therapeutic objectives being achieved
- does the patient have ADR or at risk of ADR?
- is drug therapy cost-effective
- is the patient willing and able to take drug therapy as intended
definition of polypharmacy
more than 4 medications
what does SPIKES stand for and what is this used for?
Breaking bad news.
S - Setting P - Patients perception I - Invitation K - Knowledge E - Explore emotions S - Strategy + summary
