😜 Addiction Information Flashcards
Doc Advice evaluation
Doc advice (eg. lectures about safe amounts to drink) also help with mild alcohol dependence but will not help dependents. Only appropriate for some. Individual diffs and cases
Not cause and effect: Different catchments - socio economic status, supportive families contribute
Ogden implications half a million by making leaflets available
Aversion therapy - A01
Antabuse - inducing nausea (punishment)
creating negative association. Conditioning
Aversion therapy - A02
Freud said treating just the behaviour will cause the addiction to stop but the addict will just turn to a new addiction unless underlying cause is addressed.
high drop out rate (better if controlled eg. in hospital or addict won’t take it)
can be unlearned
does not offer any support for quitting (just have to go cold turkey)painful
Methadone A01
Methadone is a synthetic drug which mimics the effects of heroin but is somewhat less addictive. It provides a similar, although less powerful, euphoria. Initially a heroin addict is prescribed increasing amuonts as their tolerance increases, then the dose is slowly decreased until the addict needs neither heroin nor methadone
Methadone - AO2
Can become addicted to methadone (just substitute addiction)
Killed 300 people a year
Created a black market - addicts selling their prescriptions
NRT - AO1
Alleviate symptoms by stimulating acetylcholine receptors in brain resulting in the release of dopamine (reward system activated) and withdrawal symptoms reduced.
Can desensitise nicotine receptors
Cosgrove et al. found men responded better than women
NRT - AO2
Moore - twice as effective as placebo 6.75% rather than 2% gave up for at least 6 months
Cosgrove et al. found men responded better than women
Less harmful toxins than cigarettes (although increased risk of cardiovascular disease and diabetes)
While you do actually need to down regulate in order to give up…permanent use of NRT better than smoking and Only about 5% continue to use NRT in the long run.
different ways to inject available to suit diff needs
Doctors advice
Facts
5 London Docs: no advice: 0.3% quit rate after 1 year
say ‘give up’ and provide leaflet: 5.1% quit rate after 1 year
Ogden: If all GPs did the second one half a million would quit every year
CBT
evaluation
MATCH - found no psychological therapy to be better than another, but some work better than others for some people. Low levels of dependency were best with CBT. Case by Case basis
Can address underlying problem
Carroll - most people receiving CBT maintained gains made through to the following year
Feeney - best with drug therapy too
long, difficult - takes time and effort
CBT
AO1
change the way client perceives addiction and copes with circumstances. Correct cognitive errors such as gamblers’ delusions of control, Smokers’ beliefs smoking lowers stress.
Learn techniques to deal with triggers and pressures. Eg. calm breathing when
