ADD, CNS Stimulants Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 components to ADD and ADHD?

A

inattention, impulsivity, motor over-activity

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2
Q

Symptoms of ADD/ADHD must be present before the age of _____ and cause impairment…..

A

7

across multiple settings

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3
Q

What is a first line agent used in children >6 years of age?

A

Methylphenidate (Ritalin, Concerta)

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4
Q

What schedule are most stimulants? (fasting growing drug of abuse on college campuses)

A

C2

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5
Q

Methylphenidate is a derivative of ______.

A

amphetamine

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6
Q

T or F. Most patients will take the same dose of methylphenidate.

A

F - based on patient response

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7
Q

T or F. Methylphenidate alone is sufficient treatment for ADD/ADHD.

A

F - need counseling too

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8
Q

How do patients and providers gauge continued need or efficacy of methylphenidate?

A

drug holidays

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9
Q

T or F. Switching from one methylphenidate product to another is acceptable.

A

F - caution because they can act differently

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10
Q

Name an option that may be helpful for a patient with adherence problems?

A

Methylphenitdate Patch

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11
Q

Name the drug that is sometimes used as an adjunct to the treatment of MDD and narcolepsy.

A

Methylphenitdate

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12
Q

Patient with a PMHx of seizures needs a stimulant. Which option would you NOT prescribe them?

A

Methylphenitdate

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13
Q

Why is Methylphenidate used cautiously with a patient with coexisting HTN?

A

because it is an amphetamine - stimulants Epi and NE

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14
Q

Which drug was used for weight loss in the 60s?

A

Methylphenitdate

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15
Q

T or F. Methylphenidate is associated with increased pediatric growth and appetite.

A

F - decreased

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16
Q

T or F. The tx for methylphenidate OD is bicarb.

A

F - patients respond to BDZ or haloperidol

17
Q

When adding methylphenidate to an MAOI regimen for a MDD patient, what should you monitor?

A

BP because it can cause HTN

18
Q

What is the isomer of methylphenidate?

A

Dexmethylphenidate

19
Q

What is the less commonly employed alternative to methylphenidate for treatment of ADD and narcolepsy?

A

Dextroamphetapine

20
Q

What is in Adderall?

What is Vyvanse?

A

A - Amphetamine/Dextroamphetamine

V - Lisdexamfetamine

21
Q

For kids that cannot tolerate methylphenidate, what is the next best option?

A

Atomexetine (Strattera)

22
Q

How does Atomexatine work? Is it considered a stimulant?

A

NE reuptake inhibitor - increase NE

non-stimulant

23
Q

What is a benefit of using Atomexatine vs methylphenidate or Adderall?

A

No abuse potential (non-control)

24
Q

Which drug has an off-label use for nocturnal enuresis?

A

Atomexatine

25
Q

Short term studies have shown that ___________ has shown some increased risk of suicidality.

A

Atomexatine

26
Q

T or F. You don’t have to worry about pediatric growth/weight when using Atomexatine.

A

F - you still have to

27
Q

Because Atometaxine is a NE-reuptake blocker, what other med should be cautiously prescribed along with it?

A

MAOI - basically the same mechanism - increases concentration of monoamines (DA, Epi, NE, 5-HT)

28
Q

Why are Clonidine and Atomexatine paradoxical drugs?

A

Clonidine - alpha 2 agonist - increase NE reuptake

Atomexatine - NE reuptake blocker

29
Q

If you are using Clonidine in and ADD/ADHD patient, what should you monitor?

A

BP - Clonidine is an anti-HTN (it increases the reuptake of NE, thereby decreasing effects of NE on the alpha 1 receptor, which leads to vasodilation.

30
Q

What other drug class has been shown to help treat ADD/ADHD other than stimulants? What are the options?

A
Anti-depressants
TCAs
SSRIs
Buproprion
Venlafaxine
31
Q
Name the major side effect of using these drugs for ADD.
TCAs
SSRIs
Buproprion
Venlafaxine
A

TCAs - anticholinergic effects, sedation
SSRIs - suicide, sexual dysfunction
Buproprion - seizure and weight loss (bad for eating DO)
Venlafaxine - cardiac effects - HTN, lipids, tachy

32
Q

Other than the anti-depressants and Clonidine, what is one other additional option for ADD/ADHD?

A

VPA