Adaptive immunity

Question 1

What makes the adaptive immune system

Answer 1

Humoral(B cell mediated)
Cell mediated( T cell mediated)

Question 2

T cell processing

Answer 2

First T cell is reacted with an antigen until it develops reactivity
Second T cell reacts with a different antigen and so on…

Results in many many different T cells moving to the body

Question 3

Clonal expasion

Answer 3

All B cells produce diff antibodies
Antigen binds to a specific B cell and activates it
The activated cell swells and divides to plasma and T-MEMORY cells
Plasma cells produce more specific antibodies that stimulated its production
T memory cell remains in circulation and does not produce antibodies

Question 4

T helper

Answer 4

CD4, activate T, B and other immune cells

Question 5

T regulatory

Answer 5

CD4 and CD25, distinguish btw self and non self

Question 6

T cytotoxic

Answer 6

CD8,remove pathogens and infected host cells

Question 7

Natural Killer Cells

Answer 7

Kills cells that do not have MHC I

Question 8

igG

Answer 8

opsonization and neutralization
has 4 subclasses

Question 9

igM

Answer 9

produced first when there is an antigen invasion

Question 10

igD

Answer 10

unknown function

Question 11

igE

Answer 11

Allergy

Question 12

Antibody function

Answer 12

Agglutination
Neutralization
Precipitation
Lysis
Phagocytosis
Inflammation

Question 13

Complement system

Answer 13

20 proteins
C1-C9,B and D
Plasma proteins

Question 14

Complement system pathways

Answer 14

Classic pathway
Alternative pathway

Question 15

Explanation of pathways

Answer 15

EXERCISE BOOK

Question 16

When and how do T cells intervene

Answer 16

B cells present antigen that had been phagocytosed by the macrophage to T helper cells
T helper cells then release cytokines (INTERLEUKINS)

Question 17

What do INTERLEUKINS produced by T helper cells do

Answer 17

Promote differentiation of B and T lymphocytes (CLONAL EXPANSION)

Question 18

Which cells produce INTERLEUKINS

Answer 18

T helper cells and CD4

Question 19

Why do natural killer cells destroy cells that do not have MHC I

Answer 19

They are regarded as non self

Question 20

igA

Answer 20

Forms dimers
Found along the tract

Question 21

Difference between passive and alternative pathway of complement system

Answer 21

Passive- C1 binds to an antibody-antigen complex
Alternative- C3 binds to the pathogen directly

Question 22

What splits C3 in alternative pathway

Answer 22

Factors

Question 23

Factors involved in alternative pathway

Answer 23

P,B and D