Adaptive Immunity Flashcards

1
Q

What are antibodies?

A

BCRs that interact with antigens.
After activation, B cells secrete soluble forms of BCRs as Abs
Ab = BCR binding moiety

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2
Q

How are antigen specific receptors determined?

A

Specificity and diversity determined by genes.

Rearrangements during development of B cells in marrow, T cells in thymus

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3
Q

What is the structure of an antibody?

A

4 polypeptide chains with 2 antigen binding sites

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4
Q

What are antigen specific receptors?

A

Antibodies & TCRs

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5
Q

What is the structure of TCRs?

A

2 polypeptides and 1 antigen binding site

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6
Q

Where are TCRs found?

A

They are membrane bound on the cell’s surface

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7
Q

What is another name for antibody?

A

Gamma globulins = Igs

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8
Q

How are T cells activated by antigens?

A

Antigens are processed and broken into smaller fragments that are then in the MHC on APCs to activate T cells

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9
Q

What is the difference between MHC class I and II presentation?

A
MHC class I presents Ag to CTLs
MHC class II presents Ag to Th cells
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10
Q

What is clonal selection?

A

The core concept of adaptive immunity.
Each B and T cell has unique antigen specificity which is established prior to contact with the antigen. The antigen selects the cell type that will undergo clonal expansion.

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11
Q

What happens during the primary immune response?

A

Occurs as result of first contact with antigen.
Responding cells are naive B and T cells.
First Ab produced is IgM with small amount of IgG.
Primary response occurs mainly in lymph nodes and spleen.
Clonal selection
Antibody levels decline quickly.

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12
Q

What happens during the secondary immune response?

A

Occurs as a result of a second or subsequent exposure.
Responding cells are memory cells.
Shorter duration to establish immunity
Mainly IgG produced, although others in smaller amounts.
Antibodies have greater affinity and last longer

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