Adaption and Competition Flashcards
What is ecology about?
About how things interact with each and their environment.
What is ecology sometimes called?
The study of ecosystems.
What is an environment made up,of?
Lots of different ecosystems
What is an ecosystem made up of?
Habitat and community
A non living part of an ecosystem is called the _________ and a loving part is called the ________.
Habitat
Community
What is an habitat? And what does it have?
The habitat is the place where organisms live. Right conditions for organisms that live there to thrive such as amount of light, oxygen or water and a suitable temperature.
What is the community?
All the plants and animals that live in the habitat.
Each community is made of different ________ Of animals and plants.
Populations
What is a population?
A population is a group of individuals of the same species.
Each population in the community is _____ to live in that particular habitat.
Adapted
True or False
There are different ecosystems both on land and in water.
True
What do ecosystems make up together?
The biosphere
Each ecosystem has particular conditions or __________ _________. Animals and plants must be adapted to these in order to survive.
Environmental factors
What are the 4 environmental factors?
Water
Temperature
Light
Air
What adaptions to animals that live in dry places have?
Adaptions that cut down water loss.
Why do mammals and birds have to maintain a constant body temperature?
This is because the enzymes, catalyze reactions in their cells, work best at a particular temperature.
True or False
Very few organisms can live outside the range of 0-50 Degrees Celsius
False,0-40 Degrees Celsius
“Penguins can withstand temperatures of
_____Degrees Celsius and some bacteria have adapted to live in hot springs at over _______.
-80 Degrees Celsius
100 Degrees Celsius
True or False
Some plants thrive in the shade
True
What are biotic factors?
Factors caused by other living organisms present in the community.
What do plants compete for?
Light,space, water and soil nutrients
What do animals compete for?
Food,space (territory) and mates
True of False
There can’t be competition between animals and plants of different species
False, there can be.
True or False
There can be competition between individuals of the same species.
If so give an example:
True, as in the case of these terns competing for nesting sites.s
What is a predator?
An animal that feeds by hunting and killing its prey.
What adaptions can predators have?
Fast running, swimming or flying and sharp teeth, beak or claws.
The _____ must be well adapted to escape from its predator in order to survive.
Prey
Some ______ cause disease.
Microbes
What is a parasite?
An organism that lives in or on another organism called a host.
How do parasites benefit?
By getting food to the host’s detriment.
Name all the biotic factors:(6)
Competition Predation Disease Grazers Decomposers Effects of humans
What are grazers?
Animals that eat plants.
What is another name for a grazer?
Herbivores or Primary Consumers
Grazers spend a great deal of their time eating plants in order to convert the energy and ________ content of their food into new growth (_______).
Nutrient
Biomass
What are decomposers?
These are microbes that release enzymes to break down dead and decaying material.
What are the main decomposers?
Bacteria and Fungi
Decomposers are important in the ________ of________.
Cycling
Nutrients
True or False
Human activity affects the survival of other living organisms
True
Name the five ways in which human activity the survival of organisms by changing their habitat:
Forestry Transport Housing Industry Farming
