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Fractures and dislocations > AD patel fracture classification and accidents > Flashcards

AD patel fracture classification and accidents Flashcards

1
Q

What kind of fracture does a twisting force yield

A

Spiral or short spiral-oblique fracture

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2
Q

What does a bending force yeild as a fracture

A

Transverse fracture often with small wedge

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3
Q

What is a comminuted fracture?

A

Lots of bits

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4
Q

What are the key aspects of fractures?

A

Skin, muscle, blood vessels, nerves, tendons and ligaments, fascia

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5
Q

What is patels definition of a fracture

A

A soft tissue envelope in which there happens to be a bone which is broken

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6
Q

What is an open fracture

A

When the envelope is open even minutely

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7
Q

What does varus deformation look like?

A

Bow legged

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8
Q

What does valgus deformation look like?

A

Knock-kneed

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9
Q

What is the weber classification of fractures?

A

Ankle fractures,
A: Below syndesmosis
B: At syndesmosis
C: Above syndesmosis

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10
Q

What are some essential details before reading an X ray

A

Name, DOB, hospital no, date, part/region, standing/weightbearing

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11
Q

What can intracapsular fractures lead to and why?

A

Avascular necrosis of femoral head due to damage of medial circumflex artery

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12
Q

What is the salter-harris fracture classification?

A 
Fractures of growth plates
Type I is along the growth plate,
Type II is above
Type III is below
Type IV is through the growth plate
Type V is when the growth plate is crushed
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13
Q

What are the Garden classifications of fractures?

A 
Hip fractures
Type I: Incomplete, undisplaced
Type II: Complete, undisplaced
Type III: Complete, partial displacement
Type IV: Complete, total displacement
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14
Q

what is polytrauma

A

Severe injury to more than one body system

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15
Q

What is the terrible triad

A

Acidosis, coagulopathy and hypothermia

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16
Q

What does ABCDE mean

A 
Airway and cervical spine control,
Breathing with ventilation,
Control of haemhorrhage
Disability brain protection
Exposure (getting cold)
17
Q

What are the 3 principles of damage control orthopaedics

A

Control of bleeding, management of soft tissues/arterial repair, tension, pneumothorax, compartment syndrome and lastly provisional fracture stability

18
Q

What is compartment syndrome?

A

Rise of pressure within a closed space resulting in ischaemia of the components

19
Q

How is compartment pressure measured?

A

Intermittently with ameter, or continuously with a cannula. Released with a fasciotomy

Fractures and dislocations (5 decks)

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