AD 7 Posterior Shoulder Flashcards
What are the three bilateral joints between the upper limb and appendicular skeleton
Glenohumeral, acromioclavicular and sternoclavicular
What region of the deltoid extends the shoulder
Posterior (spinal part)
What region of the deltoid abducts at shoulder (taking over from supraspinatus at 15 degrees)
Middle (acromial) part
What part of deltoid is involved mainly in the flexion at shoulder
Anterior (clavicular)
What is the ascending part of trapezius involved in
scapular depression
What is the middle part of the trapezius involved in
scapular retraction
What is the descending part of trapezius involved in
scapular elevation
How does the trapezius produce superior rotation of glenoid fossa
Ascending and descending parts contracting
What movement is levator scapulae involved in
Elevated the scapula and inferior rotation of glenoid fossa
What are the two rhomboid muscles
Rhomboid major and minor
What are the functions of these two rhomboids
Retraction of scapula and inferior rotation of glenoid fossa
What are the muscles of the rotator cuff
supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis
What are the collective role of the rotator cuff muscles
stabilise the head of humerus
What is another role of the supraspinatus muscle
First 15 degrees of abduction at shoulder
What is another role of the infraspinatus muscle
lateral rotation of shoulder
What is another role of teres minor
lateral rotation of shoulder
What is another role of subscapularis
medial rotation at shoulder
What is the role of teres major
adduction/ medial rotation at shoulder
Where do the rotator cuff muscles attach between
the scapula proximially and tubercules of the head of humerus distally
what are the distal insertions of supraspinatus, infraspinatus and teres minor
greater tubercule of the humerus
What are the distal insertions of subscapularis
lesser tubercule of the humerus
What is the innervation of the rotator cuff muscles
branches of brachial plexus
What leads to painful arc syndrome
impingement of supraspinatus tendon between humerus and acromion process
Where are common fracture sites
clavicle (middle third) and humerus (surgical neck and midshaft)
What joint is commonly subluxed/ dislocated
acromioclavicular
What is the most common rotator cuff injjury
impingement of the supraspinatus tendon
What is quadrangular space syndrome
impingement of axillary nerve and posterior circumflex humeral artery
What makes up the borders of the quadrangular space
teres major, teres minor, humerus and long head of tricep
