Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Clinical Neuro > Acute Vision Loss > Flashcards

Acute Vision Loss Flashcards

1
Q

confrontation

A

Peripheral vision

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Marcus-Gunn pupil

A

Lesion is anterior to the optic chiasm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Iris Synechia

A

Iris is tethered to the anterior lens capusle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Tx for Iris Synechia

A

Try to dilate the eye and let it break carefully but it may be stuck

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is this?

A

Iris Synechia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the appearance of corneal edema?

A

Ground glass appearance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What causes corneal edema?

A

Increased intraocular pressure, damage to the corneal tissue by dystrophies, trauma, surgery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Signs of acute angle closure glaucoma

A

Intense pain, fixed pupil, red eye, corneal edema, very high IOP. This is an EMERGENCY! Often after pt. was in darkness and suddenly exposed to light. Pt. is very sick in this case

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Tx for acute angle closure glaucoma

A

laser iridotomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is this?

A

Corneal Edema

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is this?

A

Acute angle closure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Hyphema

A

Blood in the anterior chamber, usually traumatic. Spontaneous in rubeosis (neovascularization- may be caused by diabetes, tumors, s/p surgery, chronic inflammation)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is this?

A

Hyphema

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What don’t you do with someone who has hyphema?

A

Lay them down

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Hypopion

A

WBC’s forming pus in the anterior chamber, usually from infection but can be sterile

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is this?

A

Hypopion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is this?

A

Cataract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Signs of vitreous hemorrhage

A

Reduction in vision from opaque blood blocking light- poor red reflex. If the lens appears clear but you can’t see the fundus- suspect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is this?

A

Vitreous hemorrhage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is one distinctive sign that an eye lesion is a vitreous hemorrhage?

A

The retinal architecture is still intact but it is obscured

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Signs of retinal detachment

A

Flashing lights, shower of floaters, curtain or cloud in vision, painless. “little bugs in vision”

22
Q

What is this?

A

Retinal detachment

23
Q

Macular disease

A

Painless reduction in visual acuity

24
Q

Most common cause of macular disease

A

Subretinal neovascularization form age related macular degeneration

25
Q

Symptom of macular disease

A

Central metamorphopsia (wavy vision)

26
Q

What is the number 1 cause of blindness in the US and other developed countries?

A

Macular degeneration

27
Q

What is this?

A

Metamorphopsia

28
Q

Transient monocular loss

A

amaurosis fugax

29
Q

Signs of central retinal artery occlusion

A

sudden painless often complete visual loss “like a curtain drawn down over the eyes”

30
Q

Early findings of central retinal artery occlusion

A

narrowed arterioles, after several hours, cell death occurs causing white retinal edema

31
Q

Besides Tay-sachs and niemann-pick, what eye defect displays a cherry red spot?

A

central retinal artery occlusion

32
Q

What is this?

A

Cherry red spot from central retinal artery occlusion

33
Q

Tx for central retinal artery occlusion

A

Firm digital compression for 10 sec cycles, try to dislodge the embolus, paracentesis of the anterior chamber

34
Q

What is the mortality rate with central retinal artery occlusion?

A

50% five year mortality rate (from underlying cardiovascular conditions)

35
Q

Management of retinal vein occlusion

A

ASA qd, some forms need laser treatment, can lead to neovascular glaucoma

36
Q

Retinal vein occlusion

A

painless subacute loss of vision, often severe, causes HTN, DM, vasculopathies

37
Q

Which disorder of the eye is associated with a “blood and thunder” fundus?

A

Retinal Vein Occlusion

38
Q

What is this?

A

Retinal vein occlusion

39
Q

Inflammation of optic nerve

A

optic neuritis

40
Q

pain with eye movements

A

optic neuritis

41
Q

What is this?

A

Optic neuritis

42
Q

Tx for optic neuritis

A

MRI to rule out tumor, aneurysm, etc. If MS, may treat with high dose methylprednisolone 1g IV over 45 mins qd x 5 (No PO steroids first!)

43
Q

Optic nerve inflammation

A

Papillitis

44
Q

Bilateral swelling of optic disc from increased intracranial pressure

A

Papilledema

45
Q

systemic disease in older patients. Presents with malaise, headache, fever, weight loss, pain and tenderness of muscles and joints, scalp tenderness and JAW CLAUDICATION

A

Giant cell (temporal) arteritis

46
Q

Standard of care for giant cell arteritis

A

sed rate and CRP

47
Q

TX for giant cell arteritis

A

If sed rate is over 60, treat with high dose corticosteroids and H2 blocker. Also obtain a temporal artery biopsy, don’t wait to treat

48
Q

What is the major concern over the progression of giant cell arteritis?

A

progression to other eye with profound vision loss and systemic sequelae

49
Q

Where is the lesion most often in homonymous hemianopia?

A

retrochiasmal

50
Q

where is the lesion in bitemporal hemianopia?

A

chiasm

51
Q

complete loss of vision, normal pupillary light response, and normal fundus exam

A

Cortical blindness

Clinical Neuro (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions