Acute Red Eye Flashcards
What is the branch of medicine that deals with structure, functions and diseases of the eye?
Opthalmology
What is acute red eye?
Cardinal sign of ocular inflammation
What is seen in the history for acute red eye?
Red - distribution, degree
Pain - gritty, itchy, stabbing, throbbing
Discharge - purulent, mucoid, watery
Photophobia
Flashing lights and floaters
Blurred vision
What are relevant examinations for acute red eye?
Best corrected visual acuity
Snellen chart
Staining with fluoscrene
Funal examination
What is infective conjunctivitis?
Infection of the thin skin (the conjunctiva) in front of the eye
What is the clinical presentation of infective conjunctivits?
Gritty
Red
Discharge - purulent/watery
What is the treatment for infective conjunctivits?
Topical antibiotics
What is allergic conjunctivits?
Eye inflammation caused by an allergic rection to substances like pollen or mold spores
What is the clinical presentation of allergic conjunctivitis?
Itchy
Red
Discharge (mucoid/watery)
Acute
Lid swelling
Conjuctival swelling
What is the treatment for allergic conjunctivitis?
Topical antihistamine
Avoid allergen
Mast cell stabilisers
What is a corneal abrasion?
Small scratch on the cornea
What is the clinical presentation of corneal abrasion?
Pain
Watery
Blurred vision
Epithelial defect
What is the treatment for corneal abrasion?
Topical antibiotics
Analgesia
What is acute anterior uveitis?
Inflammation in the anterior chamber of the eye
What is the clinical presentation of acute anterior uveitis?
Pain
Watery
Photophobia
Red
Cells in anterior chamber
Hyponyon
Small irregular pupil
May have previous history
With or without - blurred vision, floaters
What is the treatment for acute anterior uveitis?
Topical steroids
Dilating drops
What is scleritis?
Inflammation involving the deep episclera and sclera
What is the clinical presentation of scleritis?
Pain (most common)
Tender (most common)
Redness (deep scleral vessels)
Nodule (does not move over sclera)
What is the treatment for scleritis?
Systemic steroids
What is acute angle closure glaucoma?
Flow of aqeous humor out of the eye is blocked and pressure inside the eye becomes too high very quickly
What is the clinical presentation of acute angle closure glaucoma?
Pain
Redness
Blurred vision
Nausea and vomiting
Hazy corna
Fixed mid dilated pupil
Hard eyeball
What is the treatment for acute angle closure glaucoma?
Lower intraocular pressure
Constrict pupil
What is orbital cellulitis?
Inflammation of the eye tissues behind the orbital septum
What is the clinical presentation of orbital cellulitis?
Pain
Redness
Blurred vision
Diplopia (double vision)
Malaise
Pyrexia
Prptosis
Reduced eye movement
What is the medical term for double vision?
Diplopia
What is the treatment for orbital cellulitis?
Admit
IV antibiotic
CT scan
Drainage of pus
