Acute Red Eye Flashcards
What is opthalmology?
A branch of medicine dealing with structure, functions & diseases of the eye
In which part of the eye does acute red eye occur?
Anterior segment
Describe the history of a patient with acute red eye?
Red Pain Discharge Photophobia Flashing lights and floaters Blurred vision
What questions should you ask about redness in acute red eye?
The DISTRIBUTION and DEGREE
What questions should you ask about pain in acute red eye?
Whether it is: gritty itchy stabbing throbbing
What questions should you ask about discharge in acute red eye?
Whether it is:
purulent
mucoid
watery
What should you ALWAYS ASK about with acute red eye?
Blurred vision
Describe methods of examination for acute red eye
- Best corrected visual acuity (visual acuity with glasses)
- Snellen chart
- Fundoscopy
- Staining with fluorescence
What are the methods of conducting a fundoscopy?
direct opthalmoscope
slit lamp & volk lens
Why is staining with fluorescence?
Outlines epithelial defects
What are some of the causs of acute red eye?
Conjunctivitis
Corneal abrasion
Acute anterior uveitis
Scleritis
Acute angle closure glaucoma
Orbital cellulitis
What are the types of conjunctivitis?
Infective & Allergic
What are symptoms of infective conjunctivitis?
- gritty
- red
- purulent/watery discharge
What is the treatment of infective conjunctivitis?
topical antibiotics
What are symptoms of allergic conjunctivitis?
- itchy
- red
- discharge (mucoid/watery)
- lid swelling
- conjunctival swelling (chemosis)
What is the treatment of allergic conjunctivitis?
- topical antihistamine
- avoid allergen
- mast cell stabilisers
What are the symptoms of corneal abrasion?
- pain
- watering
- blurred vision
- epithelial defect
What is the treatment of corneal abrasion?
- topical anitbiotics
- analgesia
What is acute anterior uveitis?
inflammation of iris and ciliary body
What are the symptoms of acute anterior uveitis?
- pain
- watering
- photophobia
- +/- blurred vision
- +/- floaters
- red
- cells in anterior chamber
- hypopyon
- small irregular pupil
- may have previous history
What is the treatment for acute anterior uveitis?
- topical steroids
- dilating drops
What are the symptoms of scleritis?
- pain
- redness (deep scleral vessels)
- nodule (does not move over sclera)
- tender
What is the treatment for scleritis?
systemic steroids
Symptoms of acute angle closure glaucoma?
- pain
- redness
- blurred vision
- nausea & vomiting
- hazy cornea
- fixed mid dilated pupil
- hard eyeball
What is treatment of acute angle closure glaucoma?
- lower intraocular pressure
- constrict pupil
What is orbital cellulitis?
infection of orbital tissues
Symptoms of orbital cellulitis?
- pain
- redness
- blurred vision
- diplopia
- malaise
- pyrexia
- proptosis
- reduced eye movement
Treatment of orbital cellulitis?
- admit
- IV cellulitis
- CT scan
- drainage of pus
