Acute Red Eye

Question 1

What is opthalmology?

Answer 1

A branch of medicine dealing with structure, functions & diseases of the eye

Question 2

In which part of the eye does acute red eye occur?

Answer 2

Anterior segment

Question 3

Describe the history of a patient with acute red eye?

Answer 3

Red
Pain
Discharge
Photophobia
Flashing lights and floaters
Blurred vision

Question 4

What questions should you ask about redness in acute red eye?

Answer 4

The DISTRIBUTION and DEGREE

Question 5

What questions should you ask about pain in acute red eye?

Answer 5

Whether it is:
gritty
itchy
stabbing
throbbing

Question 6

What questions should you ask about discharge in acute red eye?

Answer 6

Whether it is:
purulent
mucoid
watery

Question 7

What should you ALWAYS ASK about with acute red eye?

Answer 7

Blurred vision

Question 8

Describe methods of examination for acute red eye

Answer 8

• Best corrected visual acuity (visual acuity with glasses)
• Snellen chart
• Fundoscopy
• Staining with fluorescence

Question 9

What are the methods of conducting a fundoscopy?

Answer 9

direct opthalmoscope

slit lamp & volk lens

Question 10

Why is staining with fluorescence?

Answer 10

Outlines epithelial defects

Question 11

What are some of the causs of acute red eye?

Answer 11

Conjunctivitis

Corneal abrasion

Acute anterior uveitis

Scleritis

Acute angle closure glaucoma

Orbital cellulitis

Question 12

What are the types of conjunctivitis?

Answer 12

Infective & Allergic

Question 13

What are symptoms of infective conjunctivitis?

Answer 13

• gritty
• red
• purulent/watery discharge

Question 14

What is the treatment of infective conjunctivitis?

Answer 14

topical antibiotics

Question 15

What are symptoms of allergic conjunctivitis?

Answer 15

• itchy
• red
• discharge (mucoid/watery)
• lid swelling
• conjunctival swelling (chemosis)

Question 16

What is the treatment of allergic conjunctivitis?

Answer 16

• topical antihistamine
• avoid allergen
• mast cell stabilisers

Question 17

What are the symptoms of corneal abrasion?

Answer 17

• pain
• watering
• blurred vision
• epithelial defect

Question 18

What is the treatment of corneal abrasion?

Answer 18

• topical anitbiotics

- analgesia

Question 19

What is acute anterior uveitis?

Answer 19

inflammation of iris and ciliary body

Question 20

What are the symptoms of acute anterior uveitis?

Answer 20

• pain
• watering
• photophobia
• +/- blurred vision
• +/- floaters
• red
• cells in anterior chamber
• hypopyon
• small irregular pupil
• may have previous history

Question 21

What is the treatment for acute anterior uveitis?

Answer 21

• topical steroids

- dilating drops

Question 22

What are the symptoms of scleritis?

Answer 22

• pain
• redness (deep scleral vessels)
• nodule (does not move over sclera)
• tender

Question 23

What is the treatment for scleritis?

Answer 23

systemic steroids

Question 24

Symptoms of acute angle closure glaucoma?

Answer 24

• pain
• redness
• blurred vision
• nausea & vomiting
• hazy cornea
• fixed mid dilated pupil
• hard eyeball

Question 25

What is treatment of acute angle closure glaucoma?

Answer 25

• lower intraocular pressure

- constrict pupil

Question 26

What is orbital cellulitis?

Answer 26

infection of orbital tissues

Question 27

Symptoms of orbital cellulitis?

Answer 27

• pain
• redness
• blurred vision
• diplopia
• malaise
• pyrexia
• proptosis
• reduced eye movement

Question 28

Treatment of orbital cellulitis?

Answer 28

• admit
• IV cellulitis
• CT scan
• drainage of pus