acute pyogenic infections

Question 1

potential aetiology of a periapical infection

Answer 1

carious cavity
traumatised crown
infection via periodontal ligament

Question 2

name 2 bacteria that are commonly implicated in dental abscesses

Answer 2

prevotella intermedia (gram - bacilli)
streptococcus anginosus (gram + cocci)

Question 3

ideal clinical specimen of a dental abscess

Answer 3

pus aspirate

Question 4

ludwigs angina

Answer 4

bilateral infection of submandibular space

Question 5

sepsis

Answer 5

life threatening organ dysfunction caused by dysregulated host response to infection

Question 6

SIRS

Answer 6

systemic inflammatory response syndrome - life threatening emergency caused by body’s overwhelming response to a stressor e.g infection or trauma
1 - Temp <36 or >38
2. pulse >90bpm
3. Respiratory rate >20/min
4. WCC <4000 or >12000 per microliter

Question 7

what does S I and R mean on microbiology reports

Answer 7

S - susceptible at standard dose
I - susceptible, but increased dose needed
R - resistant even with increased dose.

Question 8

breakpoint
in relation to antibiotic resistance

Answer 8

chosen concentration (mg/L) of antibiotic which defines whether a species of bacteria is susceptible or resistant to the antibiotic

Question 9

what is antimicrobial stewardship

Answer 9

a coherent set of actions which promote using antimicrobials responsibly
1 - reduce the need for, and unintentional exposure to, antimicrobials
2 - optimise use of antimicrobials

Question 10

amoxicillin vs pen V

Answer 10

amoxicillin - broader spectrum of activity
pen V - less negative impact on host flora

Question 11

osteomyelitis of jaws

Answer 11

infection and inflammation of bone marrow
usually predisposed by impaired host defences, bisphosphonates, impaired vascularity of bone