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IODC - Periodontology > Acute Perio Disease > Flashcards

Acute Perio Disease Flashcards

1
Q

What are the types of gingivits?

A

BAFTA HN

Bacterial/viral
Allergic
Fungal
Traumatic - physical/ chemical/ trauma
Abscess (gingival)
HIV associated
Non-specific
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2
Q

Types of periodontitis?

A

HAT LA

HIV associated
Acute generalised
Traumatic periodontal 
Lateral periodontal abscess
Acute necrotising
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3
Q

Give some examples/ reasons for gingivitis?

A

Plaque induced
Physical trauma - toothbrushing/ fingernails
Thermal trauma - food/drinks (ulceration

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4
Q

What is a gingival abscess?

A

Doesn’t involve periodontal membrane - only gingival tissues

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5
Q

What is acute herpetic gingivostomatitis?

A

Caused by herpes simplex virus (type 1)
Affect young children/ adults
Highly contagious and spread from lesions

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6
Q

Incubation period for herpetic gingivostomatitis?

A

5-10 day

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7
Q

Symptoms of acute herpetic gingivostomatisis?

A

Sore, painful mouth
Loss appetite
Numerous vesicles - rupture form sloughing ulcers
Young children - irritable/ professed salvation
May have flu-like symptoms

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8
Q

What conditions can occur simultaneously?

A

ANUG and acute herpetic gingivostomatitsm

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9
Q

Tx AHG

A

Supportive

  1. Fluid intake/ soft diet
  2. Analgesics/ antipyretics
  3. Usually self limiting 10-12 days
  4. Highly contagious - avoid contact w/ others

Symptomatic

  1. Topical antiseptics 5% lidocaine mouthwash
  2. Antivirals e.g acyclovir (reserved severe cases)
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10
Q

Risks tx pt w/ AHG

A

Herpetic whitlow - hands/ eyes

Don’t tx immunocompromised pt if you have recurrent herpetic lesions

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11
Q

What are children w/ AHG at risk of?

A

Satellite lesions - caused children sucking fingers/ scratching

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12
Q

Mechanism of reactivation in AHG?

A

Primary illness = infection of trigeminal ganglion

Subsequent reactivation = most commonly present as herpes labialis

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13
Q

How can dentists cause reactivation AHG?

A

Can be reactivated following trauma e.g surgery, periodontal tx, infiltration anaesthesia

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14
Q

What is acute fungal gingivitis?

A

Acute candid gingivitis - superinfection w/ Candida albicans
Often seen in those w/ partial dentures or those who have finished course broad spectrum antibiotics

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15
Q

What are the two types of allergic gingivitis?

A
  1. Following systemic administration drug/ chemical

2. Following direct contact e.g mouthwash

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16
Q

What are problems associated allergic gingivitis and how does it present?

A

Tenderness may prevent effective cleaning
See red, shiny gingiva, oedema and loss of stippling
Range of symptoms - mild to anaphylactic

17
Q

When might you see traumatic periodontitis?

A

Often associated w/ root fractures

18
Q

How does acute necrotising gingivitis appear?

A

Can be localised or whole mouth
Sore and bleeding gingiva - ulceration and necrosis of gingival margin esp dental papilla
Ulcers grey/ yellow slough - painful touch
Often no systemic symptom - lymphadenopathy present
Metallic taste w/ halitosis

19
Q

Where is localised NUG mostly seen?

A

Lower anteriors

20
Q

Is bone loss associated w/ NUG?

A

If severe - bone and periodontal attachment can be lost

21
Q

Aetiology of NUG?

A

Opportunistic infection by anaerobes - fuss-spirocheatal complex
No evidence transmissible

22
Q

Examples of fuso-spirocheatal complex in NUG

A

Treponema vincenti, fusobacterium nucleatum

23
Q

Predisposing factors NUG

A 
Immunocompromised - HIV
Malnutrition
Smoking
Stress
Poor OH
24
Q

Definition lateral periodontal abscess?

A

A collection of pus in the connective tissue walls of periodontal pocket

25
Q

Presenting symptoms/ signs of lateral periodontal abscess?

A

Pain - tissues surrounding painful tooth usually swollen
Small localised enlargement or diffused swelling
Tissue - red or deep red-blue colour
Affected teeth TTP - teeth usually mobile and high in occlusion
Systemic features - lympahdenopathy/ fever
Possible evidence sinus tract

26
Q

What does probing of tooth w/ lateral abscess reveal?

A

Deep pocket

27
Q

What is aetiology of lateral periodontal abscess?

A

Deep pocket w/ active inflammation and micro-ulceration
Entry of microorganism via pocket lining into connective tissue = abscess
Reduction host response

28
Q

What would you need to consider for differential diagnosis of lateral abscess?

A

Hx, pocket depth, if tooth vital, pus in pocket, radiographs

29
Q

Give example of differential diagnosis for lateral abscess and reasons why?

A

Periodontal abscess
Tooth non-vital and TTP
Pus in tissue
Radiograph show periodical changes

30
Q

Mange periodontal abscess?

A

Retain tooth/ XLA

Retain tooth

  1. Drain if fluctuant w/ anaesthetic
  2. RSD if not fluctuant
  3. Selective grinding to relieve occlusion
  4. Hot salt rinses and review
  5. Antibiotic is systemic involvment
31
Q

What antibiotics would you give for periodontal abscess?

A

Amoxicillin +- metronidazole 5 days

Azithromycin 3 days

IODC - Periodontology (8 decks)

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